BABINGTON, C. C.,
on the origin of the plum, 10;
—British species of the genus
Rosa, 10;
—distinctness of Viola lutea
and tricolor, 10.
BACHMANN, Mr., on the turkey, 22.
See also Audubon. BADGER, breeding
in confinement, 18.
"BAGADOTTEN-TAUBE," 5.
BAILY, Mr., on the effect of selection on fowls, 20;
—on Dorking fowls, 21.
BAIRD, S., on the origin of the turkey,
8.
BAKER, Mr., on heredity in the horse,
12;
—on the degeneration of the horse by
neglect, 21;
—orders of Henrys VII. and VIII. for
the destruction of undersized mares,
20.
BAKEWELL, change in the sheep effected by,
20.
BALANCEMENT, 26 (2);
—of growth, law of, 26.
BALDHEAD (pigeon), 5.
BALDNESS, in man, inherited, 25;
—with deficiency in teeth, 25 (2).
BALLANCE, Mr., on the effects of interbreeding on fowls, 17;
—on variation in the eggs of fowls,
7.
Ballota nigra, transmission of variegated leaves in, 11.
BAMBOO, varieties of the, 22.
BANANA, variation of the, 10, 22;
—bud-variation in the, 11;
—sterility of the, 22.
BANTAM fowls, 7;
—Sebright, origin of, 15;
—sterility of,
16.
BARB (pigeon), 5 (2), 6, 21;
—figure of,
5;
—figure of lower jaw of, 5.
BARBS, of wheat, 9.
BARBERRY, dark or red-leaved variety,
10, 12;
—reversion in suckers of seedless
variety, 11.
BARBUT, J., on the dogs of Guinea, 1;
—on the domestic pigeons in Guinea,
6;
—fowls not native in Guinea, 7.
BARKING, acquisition of the habit of, by various dogs, 1.
BARLEY, wild, 9;
—of the lake-dwellings, 9;
—ancient variety of, 28.
BARNES, Mr., production of early peas by selection, 20.
BARNET, Mr., on the intercrossing of strawberries, 10;
—diœciousness of the hautbois
strawberry, 10;
—on the Scarlet American strawberry,
20.
BARTH, Dr., use of grass-seeds as food in Central Africa, 9.
BARTLETT, A. D., on the origin of "Himalayan" rabbits by
intercrossing, 4;
—on the feral rabbits of Porto Santo,
4;
—on geese with reversed feathers on
the head and neck, 8;
—on the young of the black-shouldered
peacock, 8;
—on a variety of the turkey, 8;
—size of hybrids, 17;
—on the breeding of the Felidæ
in captivity, 18;
—so-called hybrids, 25.
BARTRAM, on the black wolf-dog of Florida,
1.
BATES, H. W., refusal of wild animals to breed in captivity, 18 (2);
—sterility of American monkeys in
captivity, 18;
—sterility of tamed guans, 18.
BATRACHIA, regeneration of lost parts in,
27.
BEACH, raised, in Peru, containing heads of maize, 9.
BEAK, variability of, in fowls, 7;
—individual differences of, in
pigeons, 5;
—correlation of, with the feet in
pigeons, 5.
BEALE, Lionel, on the contents of cells,
27;
—on the multiplication of infectious
atoms, 27.
BEANS, 9;
—of Swiss lake-dwellings, 9;
—varieties of, produced by selection,
20;
—French and scarlet, variable
resistance of, to frost, 24 (2);
—superiority of native seed of, 24;
—a symmetrical variation of scarlet,
27;
—experiments on kidney, 8;
—with monstrous stipules and abortive
leaflets, 26.
BEARD pigeon, 5.
BEARS, breeding in captivity, 18.
BEASLEY, J., reversion in crossed cattle,
13.
BEATON, D., effect of soil upon strawberries, 10;
—on varieties of pelargonium, 10, 23 (2);
—bud-variation in Gladiolus
colvilii, 11;
—cross between Scotch kail and
cabbage, 15;
—hybrid gladiolus, 17;
—constant occurrence of new forms
among seedlings, 21;
—on the doubling of the
Compositæ, 24.
BECHUANA cattle, 3.
BECHSTEIN, on the burrowing of wolves,
1;
—Spitz Dog,
1;
—origin of the Newfoundland dog, 1;
—crossing of domestic and wild swine,
3;
—on the Jacobin pigeon, 5, 6;
—notice of swallow-pigeons, 5;
—on a fork-tailed pigeon, 5;
—variations in the colour of the
croup in pigeons, 6;
—on the German dovecot pigeon, 6;
—fertility of mongrel-pigeons, 6;
—on hybrid turtle-doves, 6;
—on crossing the pigeon with
Columba œnas, C. palumbus, Turtur risoria, and T.
vulgaris, 6;
—development of spurs in the silk
hen, 7;
—on Polish fowls, 7 (2);
—on crested birds, 7;
—on the canary-bird, 8, 12, 18;
—German superstition about the
turkey, 8;
—occurrence of horns in hornless
breeds of sheep, 13;
—hybrids of the horse and ass, 14;
—crosses of tailless fowls, 15;
—difficulty of pairing dove-cot and
fancy pigeons, 16;
—fertility of tame ferrets and
rabbits, 16;
—fertility of wild sow, 16;
—difficulty of breeding caged birds,
18;
—comparative fertility of
Psittacus erithacus in captivity,
18;
—on changes of plumage in captivity,
18;
—liability of light-coloured cattle
to the attacks of flies, 21;
—want of exercise a cause of
variability, 22;
—effect of privation of light upon
the plumage of birds, 23;
—on a sub-variety of the monk-pigeon,
26.
BECK, Mr., constitutional differences in pelargoniums, 10.
BECKMANN, on changes in the odours of plants, 23.
BEDDOE, Dr., correlation of complexion with consumption, 25.
BEE, persistency of character of, 21, 22;
—intercrossing, 17;
—conveyance of pollen of peas by, 9.
BEE OPHRYS, self-fertilisation of,
15.
BEECH, dark-leaved, 10, 12;
—fern-leaved, reversion of, 11;
—weeping, non-production of, by seed,
12.
BEECHEY, horses of Loochoo Islands,
2.
BEET, 9;
—increase of sugar in, by selection,
20.
Begonia frigida, singular variety of, 10;
—sterility of,
18.
BELGIAN rabbit, 4.
BELL, T., statement that white cattle have coloured ears, 3.
BELL, W., bud-variation in Paritium tricuspis, 11.
BELLINGERI, observations on gestation in the dog, 1
—on the fertility of dogs and cats,
16.
BELON, on high-flying pigeons in Paphlagonia, 6;
—varieties of the goose, 8.
BENGUELA, cattle of, 3.
BENNETT, Dr. G., pigs of the Pacific Islands, 3, 15;
—dogs of the Pacific Islands, 15;
—varieties of cultivated plants in
Tahiti, 22.
BENNETT, Mr., on the fallow deer,
16.
BENTHAM, G., number and origin of cultivated plants, 9;
—on Phaseolus,
9;
—cereals all cultivated varieties, 9;
—species of the orange group, 10;
—distinctions of almond and peach, 10;
—British species of Rosa, 10;
—identity of Viola lutea and
tricolor, 10.
Berberis vulgaris, 11, 12.
Berberis wallichii, indifference of, to climate, 18.
BERJEAU, on the history of the dog, 1
(2).
BERKELEY, G. F., production of hen-cocks in a strain of
game-fowls, 7.
BERKELEY, M. J., crossing of varieties of the pea, 11;
—effect of foreign pollen on grapes,
11;
—on hybrid plants, 17;
—analogy between pollen of
highly-cultivated plants and hybrids,
22;
—on Hungarian kidney-beans, 23;
—failure of Indian wheat in England,
24.
BERNARD, inheritance of disease in the horse, 12.
BERNARD, C., independence of the organs of the body, 27;
—special affinities of the tissues,
27.
BERNHARDI, varieties of plants with laciniated leaves, 26.
Bernicla antarctica, 8.
BERTERO, on feral pigeons in Juan Fernandez,
6.
Betula alba, 12.
BEWICK, on the British wild cattle,
3.
BIANCONI, Prof., on the skulls of dogs,
1.
BIBLE, reference to breeding studs of horses in, 2;
—references to domestic pigeons in
the, 6;
—indications of selection of sheep in
the, 20;
—notice of mules in the, 20.
BIDWELL, Mr., on self-impotence in Amaryllis, 17.
Bignonia, self-sterility of,
17.
BIRCH, weeping, 11, 12.
BIRCH, Dr. S., on the ancient domestication of the pigeon in
Egypt, 6;
—notice of bantam fowls in a Japanese
encyclopædia, 7 (2).
BIRCH, WYRLEY, on silver-grey rabbits, 4
(2).
BIRDS, sterility caused in, by change of conditions, 18.
BLADDER-NUT, tendency of the, to become double, 18.
BLAINE, Mr., on wry-legged terriers,
21.
BLAINVILLE, origin and history of the dog,
1;
—variations in the number of teeth in
dogs, 1;
—variations in the number of toes in
dogs, 1;
—on mummies of cats, 1;
—on the osteology of solid-hoofed
pigs, 3;
—on feral Patagonian and N. American
pigs, 3.
"BLASS-TAUBE," 5
BLEEDING, hereditary, 12;
—sexual limitation of excessive, 14.
BLENDING of crossed races, time occupied by the, 15.
BLINDNESS, hereditary, 12;
—at a certain age, 14;
—associated with colour of hair, 25.
BLOODHOUNDS, degeneration of, caused by interbreeding, 17.
BLUMENBACH, on the protuberance of the skull in Polish fowls, 7;
—on the effect of circumcision, 12;
—inheritance of a crooked finger, 12;
—on badger-dogs and other varieties
of the dog, 20;
—on Hydra, 24;
—on the "nisus formativus," 24.
BLYTH, E., on the pariah dog, 1;
—hybrids of dog and jackal, 1;
—early domestication of cats in
India, 1;
—origin of domestic cat, 1;
—crossing of domestic and wild cats,
1;
—on Indian cats resembling Felis
chaus, 1;
—on striped Burmese ponies, 2;
—on the stripes of the ass, 2;
—on Indian wild pigs, 3;
—on humped cattle, 3;
—occurrence of Bos frontosus
in Irish crannoges, 3;
—fertile crossing of zebus and common
cattle, 3;
—on the species of sheep, 3;
—on the fat-tailed Indian sheep, 3;
—origin of the goat, 3;
—on rabbits breeding in India, 4;
—number of tail-feathers in fantails,
5;
—Lotan tumbler pigeons, 5;
—number of tail-feathers in
Ectopistes, 2;
—on Columba affinis, 6;
—pigeons roosting in trees, 6;
—on Columba leuconota, 6;
—on Columba intermedia of
Strickland, 6;
—variation in colour of croup in
pigeons, 6 (3);
—voluntary domestication of
rock-pigeons in India, 6;
—feral pigeons on the Hudson, 6;
—occurrence of sub-species of
pigeons, 6;
—notice of pigeon-fanciers in Delhi,
etc., 6;
—hybrids of Gallus sonneratii
and the domestic hen, 7;
—supposed hybridity of Gallus
temminckii, 7;
—variations and domestication of
Gallus bankiva, 7 (2);
—crossing of wild and tame fowls in
Burmah, 7;
—restricted range of the larger
gallinaceous birds, 7;
—feral fowls in the Nicobar Islands,
7;
—black-skinned fowls occurring near
Calcutta, 7;
—weight of Gallus bankiva, 7;
—degeneration of the turkey in India,
8, 23;
—on the colour of gold-fish, 8;
—reversion from a cross, 13;
—on the Ghor-Khur (Asinus
indicus), 13;
—on Asinus hemionus, 13;
—number of eggs of Gallus
bankiva, 16;
—on the breeding of birds in
captivity, 18;
—co-existence of large and small
breeds in the same country, 23;
—on the drooping ears of the
elephant, 24;
—homology of leg and wing feathers,
25.
BOETHIUS on Scotch wild cattle, 3.
BOITARD and Corbié, on the breeds of pigeons, 5;
—Lille pouter pigeon, 5;
—notice of a gliding pigeon, 5;
—variety of the pouter pigeon, 5;
—dove-cot pigeon, 6;
—crossing pigeons, 6, 15, 17;
—sterility of hybrids of
turtle-doves, 6;
—reversion of crossed pigeons, 6, 13;
—on the fantail, 6, 14;
—on the trumpeter, 14;
—prepotency of transmission in silky
fantail, 14 (2);
—secondary sexual characters in
pigeons, 14;
—crossing of white and coloured
turtle-doves, 15;
—fertility of pigeons, 16.
BOMBYCIDÆ, wingless females of,
24.
Bombyx hesperus, 24.
Bombyx huttoni, 8.
Bombyx mori, 8.
BONAFOUS, on maize, 9. BONAPARTE, number
of species of Columbidæ, 5;
—number of tail-feathers in pigeons,
5;
—size of the feet in Columbidæ,
5;
—on Columba guinea, 6;
—Columba turricola, rupestris
and schimperi, 6.
Bonatea speciosa, development of ovary of, 11.
BONAVIA, Dr., growth of cauliflowers in India, 24.
BONER, Mr., semi-feral sheep, 13.
BONES, removal of portions of, 24;
—regeneration of, 24;
—growth and repair of, 27.
BONIZZI, on pigeons, 5 (2).
BONNET, on the salamander, 27;
—theory of reproduction, 27 (2).
BORCHMEYER, experiments with the seeds of the weeping ash, 12.
BORECOLE, 9.
BORELLI, on Polish fowls, 7.
BORNEO, fowls of, with tail-bands, 7.
BORNET, E., condition of the ovary in hybrid Cisti, 11;
—self-impotence of hybrid
Cisti, 17.
BORROW, G., on pointers, 1.
BORY DE SAINT-VINCENT, on gold-fish,
8.
Bos, probable origin of European domestic cattle from three
species of, 3.
Bos frontosus, 3.
Bos indicus, 3.
Bos longifrons, 3 (3).
Bos primigenius, 3 (2), 17. Bos sondaicus,
20.
Bos taurus, 3.
Bos trochoceros, 3.
BOSC, heredity in foliage-varieties of the elm, 10.
BOSSE, production of double flowers from old seed, 18.
BOSSI, on breeding dark-coloured silkworms,
8.
BOSMAN, on dogs of Guinea, 1.
BOUCHARDAT, on the vine disease, 10.
BOUDIN, on local diseases, 23;
—resistance to cold of
dark-complexioned men, 25.
"BOULANS," 5.
"BOUTON d'Alep," 23.
BOWEN, Prof., doubts as to the importance of inheritance, 12.
BOWMAN, Mr., hereditary peculiarities in the human eye, 12;
—hereditary cataract, 14.
BRACE, Mr., on Hungarian cattle, 3.
Brachycome iberidifolia, 22.
BRACTS, unusual development of, in gooseberries, 10.
BRADLEY, Mr., effect of grafts upon the stock in the ash, 11;
—effect of foreign pollen upon
apples, 11;
—on change of soil, 18.
"BRAHMA Pootras," a new breed of fowls,
7.
BRAIN, proportion of, in hares and rabbits,
4.
BRANDT, Dr., origin of the goat, 3;
—correlation of teeth and hair, 25.
Brassica, varieties of, with enlarged stems, 26.
Brassica asperifolia, 26.
Brassica napus, 9.
Brassica oleracea, 9.
Brassica rapa, 9, 18.
BRAUN, A., bud-variation in the vine,
11;
—in the currant, 11;
—in Mirabilis jalapa, 11;
—in Cytisus adami, 11;
—on reversion in the foliage of
trees, 11;
—spontaneous production of Cytisus
purpureo-elongatus, 11;
—reversion of flowers by stripes and
blotches, 13;
—excess of nourishment a source of
variability, 22.
BRAZIL, cattle of, 3.
BREAD-FRUIT, varieties of, 22;
—sterility and variability of, 22.
BREE, W. T., bud-variation in Geranium pratense and
Centaurea cyanus, 11;
—by tubers in the dahlia, 11;
—on the deafness of white cats with
blue eyes, 25.
BREEDING, high, dependent on inheritance,
12 (2).
BREEDS, domestic, persistency of,
21;
—artificial and natural, 28 (2);
—extinction of, 28;
—of domestic cats, 1;
—of pigs produced by crossing, 3;
—of cattle,
3 (2);
—of goats,
3.
BREHM, on Columba amaliæ,
6.
BRENT, B. P., number of mammæ in rabbits, 4;
—habits of the tumbler pigeon, 5;
—Laugher pigeon, 5;
—colouring of the kite tumbler, 5;
—crossing of the pigeon with
Columba œnas, 6;
—mongrels of the trumpeter pigeon, 14;
—close interbreeding of pigeons, 17;
—opinion on Aldrovandi's fowls, 7;
—on stripes in chickens, 7;
—on the combs of fowls, 7;
—double-spurred Dorking fowls, 7;
—effect of crossing on colour of
plumage in fowls, 7;
—-incubatory instinct of mongrels
between non-setting varieties of fowls,
13;
—origin of the domestic duck, 8;
—fertility of the hook-billed duck,
8;
—occurrence of the plumage of the
wild duck in domestic breeds, 8;
—voice of ducks, 8;
—occurrence of a short upper mandible
in crosses of hook-billed and common ducks,
8;
—reversion in ducks produced by
crossing, 13;
—variation of the canary-bird, 8;
—fashion in the canary, 21;
—hybrids of canary and finches, 13.
BRICKELL, on raising nectarines from seed,
4;
—on the horses of North Carolina, 24.
BRIDGES, Mr., on the dogs of Tierra del Fuego, 1;
—on the selection of dogs by the
Fuegians, 20.
BRIDGMAN, W. K., reproduction of abnormal ferns, 11.
BROCA, P., on the intercrossing of dogs,
1 (2);
—on hybrids of hare and rabbit, 4;
—on the rumpless fowl, 7;
—on the character of half-castes, 13;
—degree of fertility of mongrels, 16;
—sterility of descendants of wild
animals bred in captivity, 18.
BROCCOLI, 9;
—rudimentary flowers in, 24;
—tenderness of, 24.
BROMEHEAD, W., doubling of the Canterbury Bell by selection, 20.
BROOMFIELD, Dr., sterility of the ivy and Acorus calamus,
18.
Bromus secalinus, 9.
BRONN, H. G., bud variation in Anthemis, 11;
—effects of cross-breeding on the
female, 11;
—on heredity in a one-horned cow, 12;
—propagation of a pendulous peach by
seed, 12;
—absorption of the minority in
crossed races, 15;
—on the crossing of horses, 15;
—fertility of tame rabbits and sheep,
16;
—changes of plumage in captivity, 18;
—on the dahlia, 22.
BRONZE period, dog of, 1.
BROWN, C. M., prepotency of a greyhound,
14.
BROWN, G., variations in the dentition of the horse, 2.
BROWN-SÉQUARD, Dr., inheritance of artificially-produced
epilepsy in the guinea-pig, 12;
—inherited effects of injuries, 12.
Brunswigia, 17.
BRUSSELS sprouts, 9, 28.
Bubo maximus, 18.
BUCKLAND, F., on oysters, 23;
—number of eggs in a codfish, 27.
BUCKLE, Mr., doubts as to the importance of inheritance, 12.
BUCKLEY, Miss, carrier-pigeons roosting in trees, 6.
BUCKMAN, Prof., cultivation of Avena fatua, 9;
—cultivation of the wild parsnip, 9, 20, 23;
—reversion in the parsnip, 13.
BUCKWHEAT, injurious when in flower to white pigs, 25.
BUD and seed, close analogy of, 11.
BUD-REVERSION, 13.
BUDS, adventitious, 27.
BUD-VARIATION, 11, 22, 23 (3);
—contrasted with seminal
reproduction, 11;
—peculiar to plants, 11;
—in the peach,
10;
—in plums,
11;
—in the cherry, 11;
—in grapes,
11;
—in the gooseberry and currant, 11;
—pear and apple, 11;
—and in the banana, camellia,
hawthorn, Azalea indica, and Paritium tricuspis, 11;
—in the hollyhock and pelargonium, 11;
—in Geranium pratense and the
chrysanthemum, 11;
—in roses,
10, 11;
—in sweet williams, carnations,
pinks, stocks, and snapdragons, 11
(2);
—in wall-flowers, cyclamen,
Œnothera biennis, Gladiolus colvillii, fuchsias, and
Mirabilis jalapa, 11;
—in foliage of various trees, 11;
—cryptogamic plants, 11;
—by suckers in Phlox and
barberry, 11;
—by tubers in the potato, 11;
—in the dahlia, 11;
—by bulbs in hyacinths,
Imatophyllum miniatum, and tulips,
11;
—in Tigridia conchiflora, 11;
—in Hemerocallis, 11;
—doubtful cases, 11;
—in Cytisus adami, 11;
—summary of observations on, 11.
BUFFON, on crossing the wolf and dog,
1;
—increase of fertility by
domestication, 16;
—improvement of plants by unconscious
selection, 20;
—theory of reproduction, 27.
Bulimus, 13.
BULL, apparent influence of, on offspring,
14.
BULLACE, 10.
BULLDOG, degeneration of, in India,
1;
—recent modifications of, 1.
BULLFINCH, breeding in captivity,
18;
—attacking flower-buds, 21.
BULT, Mr., on the length of pouter pigeons,
6.
"BUNDTNERSCHWEIN," 3.
BUNTING, reed, in captivity, 18.
BURDACH, crossing of domestic and wild animals, 3;
—aversion of the wild boar to barley,
24.
BURKE, Mr., inheritance in the horse,
12.
Burlingtonia, 17.
BURMAH, cats of, 1.
BURMESE ponies, striped, 2.
BURNES, Sir A., on the Karakool sheep, 3,
23;
—varieties of the vine in Cabool, 10;
—hawks, trained in Scinde, 18;
—pomegranates producing seed, 18.
BURR, FEARING, potato-grafting, 11.
BURTON CONSTABLE, wild cattle at, 3.
"BURZEL-TAUBEN," 5.
BUSSORAH carrier, 5.
Buteo vulgaris, copulation of, in captivity, 18.
BUTTERFLIES, polymorphic, 27.
BUXTON, Mr., parrots breeding in Norfolk,
18.
BUZAREINGUES, GIROU DE, inheritance of tricks, 12.
CABANIS, pears grafted on the quince, 22.
CABBAGE, 9;
—varieties of,
9;
—unity of character in flowers and
seeds of, 9;
—cultivated by ancient Celts, 9;
—classification of varieties of, 9;
—ready crossing of, 9, 15 (2), 17;
—origin of,
9;
—increased fertility of, when
cultivated, 16;
—growth of, in tropical countries, 23.
CABOOL, vines of, 10.
CABRAL, on early cultivation in Brazil,
9.
CACTUS, growth of cochineal on, in India,
23.
CÆSAR, Bos primigenius wild in Europe in the time of,
3;
—notice of fowls in Britain, 7;
—notice of the importation of horses
by the Celts, 20.
CAFFRE fowls, 7.
CAFFRES, different kinds of cattle possessed by the, 3.
"CÁGIAS" a breed of sheep, 3.
Cairina moschata, 6.
CALCEOLARIAS, 10,
18;
—effects of seasonal conditions on,
23;
—peloric flowers in, 26.
CALDWELL, J., sporting of sugar-cane,
11.
"CALONGOS," a Columbian breed of cattle,
3.
CALVER, Mr., on a seedling peach producing both peaches and
nectarines, 10.
CALYX, segments of the, converted into carpels, 27.
CAMEL, its dislike to crossing water,
6.
Camellia, bud-variations in,
11;
—recognition of varieties of, 22;
—variety in, hardiness of, 24.
CAMERON, D, on the cultivation of Alpine plants, 18.
CAMERONN, Baron, value of English blood in racehorses, 12.
Campanula medium, 20.
CANARY-BIRD, 8;
—conditions of inheritance in, 12;
—hybrids of,
13;
—period of perfect plumage in, 14;
—diminished fertility of, 18;
—standard of perfection in, 20;
—analogous variation in, 26.
CANCER, heredity of, 12, 14.
CANFIELD, Dr., on horses with curled hair,
2;
—on feral horses in North America, 2.
CANINE teeth, development of the, in mares,
24.
Canis alopex, 1.
Canis antarcticus, 1.
Canis argentatus, 18.
Canis aureus, 1.
Canis cancrivorus, domesticated and crossed in Guiana, 1.
Canis cinereo-variegatus, 1.
Canis fulvus, 1.
Canis ingæ, the naked Peruvian dog, 1.
Canis latrans, 1;
—resemblance of, to the Hare Indian
dog, 1;
—one of the original stocks, 1.
Canis lupaster, 1.
Canis lupus, var. occidentalis, resemblance of, to
North American dogs, 1;
—crossed with dogs, 1;
—one of the original stocks, 1.
Canis mesomelas, 1 (2).
Canis primævus, tamed by Mr. Hodgson, 1.
Canis sabbar, 1.
Canis simensis, possible original of greyhounds, 1.
Canis thaleb, 1.
Canis variegatus, 1.
CANNING, A. S. G., the japanned peacock,
8.
CANTERBURY Bell, doubled by selection,
20.
CAPE of Good Hope, different kinds of cattle at the, 3;
—no useful plants derived from the,
9.
CAPERCAILZIE, breeding in captivity,
18.
Capra ægagrus and C. falconeri, probable
parents of domestic goat, 3.
CAPSICUM, 10.
CARDAN, on a variety of the walnut,
10;
—on grafted walnuts, 22.
CARDOON, 13.
Carex rigida, local sterility of the, 18.
CARLIER, early selection of sheep,
20.
CARLISLE, Sir A., inheritance of peculiarities, 12 (2).
—of polydactylism, 12.
"CARME" pigeon, 5.
CARNATION, bud-variation in, 11;
—variability of, 10;
—striped, produced by crossing red
and white, 12;
—effect of conditions of life on the,
23.
CARNIVORA, general fertility of, in captivity, 18.
CAROLINE Archipelago, cats of, 1.
CARP, 21.
CARPELS, variation of, in cultivated Cucurbitaceæ, 10.
CARPENTER, W. B., regeneration of bone,
24;
—number of eggs in an Ascaris,
27.
Carpinus betulus, 27.
Carpophaga oceanica, 28.
CARR, Mr., effect of changed conditions,
17.
CARRIER pigeon, 5;
—English,
5;
—figured,
5;
—skull figured,
5;
—history of the, 6;
—Persian,
5;
—Bussorah,
5;
—Bagadotten, skull figured, 5;
—lower jaw figured, 5.
CARRIÈRE, origin of radish, 9;
—intermediate form between the almond
and the peach, 10;
—glands of peach-leaves, 10;
—bud-variation in the vine, 11;
—bud-variation in the rose, 11;
—inheritance in purple-leaved trees,
12;
—on variation,
11 (3);
—grafts of Aria vestita upon
thorns, 11;
—variability of hybrids of
Erythrina, 22.
CARROT, wild, effects of cultivation on the,
9;
—reversion in the, 13;
—run wild,
13;
—increased fertility of cultivated,
16;
—experiments on the, 23;
—acclimatisation of the, in India, 24.
Carthamus, abortion of the pappus in, 24.
CARTIER, cultivation of native plants in Canada, 9.
CARYOPHYLLACEÆ, frequency of contabescence in the, 18.
CASPARY, bud-variation in the moss-rose,
11;
—on the ovules and pollen of
Cytisus, 11;
—crossing of Cytisus purpureus
and C. laburnum, 11;
—trifacial orange, 11;
—differently-coloured flowers in the
wild Viola lutea, 11;
—sterility of the horse-radish, 18.
CASTELNAU, on Brazilian cattle, 3.
CASTRATION, assumption of female characters caused by, 13 (2).
Casuarius bennettii, 18.
CAT, domestic, 1;
—early domestication and probable
origin of the, 1 (2);
—intercrossing of, with wild species,
1 (2);
—variations of,
1;
—feral, 1,
13;
—anomalous,
1;
—polydactylism in, 12;
—black, indications of stripes in
young, 13;
—tortoiseshell, 14;
—effects of crossing in, 15;
—fertility of,
16;
—difficulty of selection in, 21 (2);
—length of intestines in, 24;
—white with blue eyes, deafness of,
25;
—with tufted ears, 26.
CATARACT, hereditary, 12, 14.
CATERPILLARS, effect of changed food on,
23.
Catleya leopoldii, 11.
CATLIN, G., colour of feral horses in North America, 2.
CATON, Judge, wild turkey, 16.
CATTLE, European, their probable origin from three original
species, 3;
—humped, or zebus, 3;
—intercrossing of, 3 (3);
—wild, of Chillingham, Hamilton,
Chartley, Burton Constable, and Gisburne,
1, 17;
—colour of feral, 3, 20;
—British breeds of, 3 (2);
—South African breeds of, 3;
—South American breeds of, 3, 20;
—Niata, 3
(2), 20 (2),
25;
—effects of food and climate on, 3;
—effects of selection on, 3 (2);
—Dutch-buttocked, 12;
—hornless, production of horns in, 25;
—reversion in, when crossed, 13;
—wildness of hybrid, 13;
—short-horned, prepotency of, 14;
—wild, influence of crossing and
segregation on, 15;
—crosses of,
15, 16,
17;
—of Falkland Islands, 16;
—mutual fertility of all varieties
of, 16;
—effects of interbreeding on, 17 (2);
—shorthorn, sterility of, 17;
—effects of careful selection on, 20 (2);
—naked, of Columbia, 20;
—crossed with wild banteng in Java,
20;
—with reversed hair in Banda
Oriental, 20;
—selection of trifling characters in,
20;
—fashion in,
20;
—similarity of best races of, 21;
—unconscious selection in, 20;
—effects of natural selection on
anomalous breeds of, 21 (2);
—light-coloured, attacked by flies,
21, 25;
—Jersey, rapid improvement of, 21;
—effects of disuse of parts in, 24;
—rudimentary horns in, 24;
—supposed influence of humidity on
the hair of, 25;
—white spots of, liable to disease,
25;
—supposed analogous variation in, 26;
—displacement of long-horned by
short-horned, 28.
CAULIFLOWER, 9;
—free-seeding of, in India, 21;
—rudimentary flowers in, 24.
CAVALIER pigeon, 15.
Cavia aperea, 18.
CAY (Cebus azaræ), sterility of, in confinement, 18.
Cebus azaræ, 18.
Cecidomyia, larval development of,
23, 27 (2);
—and Misocampus, Intro.
CEDARS of Lebanon and Atlas, 10.
CELERY, turnip-rooted, 9;
—run wild,
13.
CELL-THEORY, 27.
Celosia cristata, 10.
CELSUS, on the selection of seed-corn, 9,
20.
CELTS, early cultivation of the cabbage by the, 9;
—selection of cattle and horses by
the, 20.
Cenchrus, seeds of a, used as food,
9.
Centaurea cyanus, bud-variation in,
11.
CEPHALOPODA, spermatophores of, 27.
Cerasus padus, yellow-fruited,
12.
Cercoleptes, sterility of, in captivity, 18.
Cercopithecus, breeding of a species of, in captivity, 18.
CEREALS, 9 (2);
—of the Neolithic period in
Switzerland, 9;
—adaptation of, to soils, 24.
Cereus, 13.
Cereus speciosissimus and phyllanthus, reversion in
hybrids of, 11.
Cervus canadensis, 18.
Cervus dama, 17.
CETACEA, correlation of dermal system and teeth in the, 25.
CEYLON, cats of, 1;
—pigeon-fancying in, 6.
CHAMISSO, on seeding bread-fruit,
18.
CHANNEL Islands, breeds of cattle in,
3.
CHAPMAN, Professor, peach-trees producing nectarines, 10.
CHAPUIS, F., sexual peculiarities in pigeons, 5;
—effect produced by first male upon
the subsequent progeny of the female,
11;
—sterility of the union of some
pigeons, 18.
CHARACTERS, fixity of, 21;
—latent,
13, 27 (2);
—continued divergence of, 21;
—antagonistic,
27.
CHARDIN, abundance of pigeons in Persia,
6.
CHARLEMAGNE, orders as to the selection of stallions, 20.
CHARTLEY, wild cattle of, 3.
CHATÉ, reversion of the upper seeds in the pods of stocks, 26.
CHAUNDY, Mr., crossed varieties of cabbage,
17.
CHEETAH, general sterility of, in captivity, 18.
Cheiranthus cheiri, 11.
CHERRIES, 10 (2);
—bud-variation in, 11;
—white Tartarian, 21;
—variety of, with curled petals, 21;
—period of vegetation of, changed by
forcing, 24.
CHEVREUL, on crossing fruit-trees,
17.
CHICKENS, differences in characters of, 7
(2);
—white, liable to gapes, 21, 25.
CHIGOE, 23.
CHILE, sheep of, 3.
CHILLINGHAM cattle, identical with Bos primigenius, 3;
—characters of,
3.
CHILOE, half-castes of, 13.
CHINA, cats of, with drooping ears,
1;
—horses of,
2;
—striped ponies of, 2;
—asses of,
2;
—notice of rabbits in, by Confucius,
4;
—breeds of pigeons reared in, 6;
—breeds of fowls of, in fifteenth
century, 7 (2).
CHINCHILLA, fertility of, in captivity,
18.
CHINESE, selection practised by the,
20;
—preference of the, for hornless
rams, 20;
—recognition of the value of native
breeds by the, 24.
CHINESE, or Himalayan rabbit, 4.
"CHIVOS," a breed of cattle in Paraguay,
3.
CHOUX-RAVES, 9.
CHRIST, H., on the plants of the Swiss Lake-dwellings, 9 (2);
—intermediate forms between Pinus
sylvestris and montana,
10.
CHRYSANTHEMUM, 11.
Chrysotis festiva, 23.
CINERARIA, effects of selection on the,
20.
CIRCASSIA, horses of, 16.
CIRCUMCISION, 12.
CIRRIPEDES, metagenesis in, 27.
Cistus, intercrossing and hybrids of, 10, 12, 17.
CITRONS, 10 (2).
"Citrus aurantium fructu variabili,"
10 Citrus decumana, 10.
Citrus lemonum, 10.
Citrus medica, 10 (2).
CLAPHAM, A., bud-variation in the hawthorn,
11.
"CLAQUANT" (pigeons), 5.
"CLAQUERS" (pigeons), 5.
CLARK, G., on the wild dogs of Juan de Nova,
1;
—on striped Burmese and Javanese
ponies, 2;
—breeds of goats imported into the
Mauritius, 3;
—variations in the mammæ of
goats, 3;
—bilobed scrotum of Muscat goat, 3.
CLARK, H. J., on fission and gemmation,
27.
CLARKE, R. T., intercrossing of strawberries, 10.
CLARKE, T., hybridisation of stocks, 11,
15.
CLARKSON, Mr., prize-cultivation of the gooseberry, 10.
CLASSIFICATION, explained by the theory of natural selection, Intro.
CLEFT palate, inheritance of, 12.
CLEMENTE, on wild vines in Spain,
10.
CLERMONT-TONNERRE, on the St. Valéry apple, 11.
CLIMATE, effect of, upon breeds of dogs,
1;
—on horses,
2 (2);
—on cattle,
3 (2);
—on the fleece of sheep, 3 (2);
—on seeds of wheat, 9;
—on cultivated cabbages, 9;
—adaptation of maize to, 9.
CLIMATE and pasture, adaptation of breeds of sheep to, 3 (2).
CLIMATE and soil, effects of, upon strawberries, 10.
CLINE, Mr., on the skull in horned and hornless rams, 25.
CLOS, on sterility in Ranunculus ficaria, 18.
CLOTZSCH, hybrids of various trees,
17.
CLOVER, pelorism in, 26.
COATE, Mr., on interbreeding pigs,
17.
COCCUS of apple-trees, 21.
COCHIN fowls, 7 (5);
—occipital foramen of, figured, 7;
—section of skull of, figured, 7;
—cervical vertebra of, figured, 7.
COCHINEAL, persistence of, 21;
—preference of, for a particular
cactus, 23.
Cochlearia armoracia, 18.
COCK, game, natural selection in,
21;
—spur of, grafted on the comb, 24;
—spur of, inserted into the ear of an
ox, 27;
—effect of castration upon the, 13.
COCK'S-COMB, varieties of the, 10.
COCOONS of silkworms, variations in,
8.
CODFISH, bulldog, 3;
—number of eggs in the, 27.
Coelogenys paca, 18.
COLIN, prepotency of the ass over the horse, 14;
—on cross-breeding, 15;
—on change of diet, 24.
COLLINSON, PETER, peach-tree producing a nectarine, 10.
COLORATION in pigeons, an evidence of unity of descent, 6.
COLOUR, correlation of, in dogs, 1;
—persistence of, in horses, 2;
—inheritance and diversity of, in
horses, 2;
—variations of, in the ass, 5;
—of wild or feral cattle, 5;
—transmission of, in rabbits, 4;
—peculiarities of, in Himalayan
rabbits, 4;
—influence of,
21;
—correlation of, in head and limbs,
25;
—correlated with constitutional
peculiarities, 25.
COLOUR and odour, correlation of,
25.
COLOUR-BLINDNESS, hereditary, 12;
—more common in men than in women, 14 (2);
—associated with inability to
distinguish musical sounds, 25.
COLOURS, sometimes not blended by crossing,
15.
Columba affinis, Blyth, a variety of C. livia, 6.
Columba amaliæ, Brehm, a variety of C. livia,
6.
Columba guinea, 6.
Columba gymnocyclus, Gray, a form of C. livia, 6.
Columba gymnophthalmos, hybrids of, with C.
œnas, 6;
—with C. maculosa, 6.
Columba intermedia, Strickland, a variety of C.
livia, 6.
Columba leucocephala, 18.
Columba leuconota, 6 (2).
Columba littoralis, 6.
Columba livia, 13 (2);
—the parent of domestic breeds of
pigeons, 6;
—measurements of, 5;
—figured,
5;
—skull figured,
5;
—lower jaw figured, 5;
—scapula figured, 5.
Columba luctuosa, 6.
Columba migratoria and leucocephala, diminished
fertility of, in captivity, 18.
Columba œnas, 6;
—crossed with common pigeon and C.
gymnophthalmos, 6.
Columba palumbus, 6, 26.
Columba rupestris, 6 (3).
Columba schimperi, 6.
Columba torquatrix, 26.
Columba turricola, 6.
COLUMBIA, cattle of, 6. COLUMBINE,
double, 10,
25.
COLUMBUS, on West Indian dogs, 1.
COLUMELLA, on Italian shepherd dogs,
1;
—on domestic fowls, 7 (2), 20, 28;
—on the keeping of ducks, 8;
—on the selection of seed-corn, 9;
—on the benefits of change of soil to
plants, 18;
—on the value of native breeds, 24.
COLZA, 9.
COMB, in fowls, variations of, 7;
—sometimes rudimentary, 24.
COMPENSATION, law of, 7.
COMPENSATION of growth, 26.
COMPLEXION, connection of, with constitution, 25.
COMPOSITÆ, double flowers of, 10,
18, 24.
CONCEPTION, earlier in Alderney and Zetland cows than in other
breeds, 3.
CONDITIONS of life, changed, effect of,
28;
—on horses,
2;
—upon variation in pigeons, 6;
—upon wheat,
9;
—upon trees,
10;
—in producing bud-variation, 11;
—advantages of, 18;
—sterility caused by, 18;
—conducive to variability, 22;
—accumulative action of, 22;
—direct action of, 23.
CONDOR, breeding in captivity, 18.
CONFINEMENT, effect of, upon the cock,
17.
CONFUCIUS, on the breeding of rabbits in China, 4.
CONOLLY, Mr., on Angora goats, 25.
CONSTITUTIONAL differences in sheep,
3;
—in varieties of apples, 10;
—in pelargoniums, 10;
—in dahlias,
10.
CONSTITUTIONAL peculiarities in strawberries, 10;
—in roses,
10.
CONSUMPTION, hereditary, 12;
—period of appearance of, 14;
—correlated with complexion, 25.
CONTABESCENCE, 18 (2).
Convolvulus batatas, 18, 24.
Convolvulus tricolor, bud-variation in, 11.
COOPER, Mr., improvement of vegetables by selection, 20.
COOPER, WHITE, hereditary peculiarities of vision, 12;
—association of affections of the
eyes with those of other systems, 25.
CORALS, bud-variation in, 11;
—non-diffusion of cell-gemmules in,
27.
CORBIÉ, See Boitard.
CORDEMOZ, Dr., seedless plants, 18.
CORNEA, opacity of, inherited, 12.
Cornus mascula, yellow-fruited,
12.
CORRELATION, 25;
—of neighbouring parts, 25;
—of change in the whole body, and in
some of its parts, 25;
—of homologous parts, 25;
—inexplicable,
25, 26,
27;
—commingling of, with the effects of
other agencies, 25.
CORRELATION of skull and limbs in swine,
3;
—of tusks and bristles in swine, 3;
—of multiplicity of horns and
coarseness of wool in sheep, 3;
—of beak and feet in pigeons, 5 (2);
—between nestling down and colour of
plumage in pigeons, 6;
—of changes in silkworms, 8;
—in plants,
20;
—in maize,
9;
—in pigeons,
5;
—in fowls,
7.
CORRESPONDING periods, inheritance at,
14.
CORRIENTES, dwarf cattle of, 3.
CORRINGHAM, Mr., influence of selection on pigs, 20.
CORSICA, ponies of, 2.
"CORTBECK" (pigeon) of Aldrovandi, 6.
Corvus corone, and C. cornix, hybrids of, 15.
Corydalis, flower of, 26.
Corydalis cava, 17 (2).
Corydalis solida, sterile when peloric, 18.
Corydalis tuberosa, peloric by reversion, 13.
Corylus avellana, 10.
COSTA, A., on shells transferred from England to the
Mediterranean, 23.
COUES, Dr. E., on a monstrous chicken,
27.
COWPER, Mr. WHITE, defective development of the dental system, 25.
"COUVE TRONCHUDA," 9 COW, inheritance of
loss of one horn in the, 12;
—amount of milk furnished by the, 24;
—development of six mammæ in, 24.
COWSLIP, 12.
CRACIDÆ, sterility of the, in captivity, 18.
CRANES, fertility of, in captivity,
18.
Cratægus oxyacantha, 10, 11, 21, 22, 12.
Cratægus monogyna, 10.
Cratægus sibirica, 10.
CRAWFURD, J., Malasian cats, 1;
—horses of the Malay Archipelago, 2;
—horses of Japan, 2;
—occurrence of stripes in young wild
pigs of Malacca, 3;
—on a Burmese hairy family with
deficient teeth, 14, 25;
—Japanese origin of the bantam, 7;
—game fowls of the Philippine
Islands, 22;
—hybrids of Gallus varius and
domestic fowl, 7;
—domestication of Gallus
bankiva, 7;
—feral fowls in the Pellew Islands,
7;
—history of the fowl, 7;
—history of the domestic duck, 8;
—domestication of the goose, 8;
—cultivated plants of New Zealand, 9;
—breeding of tame elephants in Ava,
18;
—sterility of Goura coronata
in confinement, 18;
—geese of the Philippine Islands, 18.
CREEPERS, a breed of fowls, 7.
CRESTED fowl, 7;
—figured,
7.
"CRÈVE-CŒUR," a French sub-breed of fowls, 7.
CRISP, Dr., on the brains of the hare and rabbit, 4.
CROCKER, C. W., singular form of Begonia frigida, 10, 18;
—sterility in Ranunculus
ficaria, 18.
CROCUS, 18.
CROSS-BREEDING, permanent effect of, on the female, 11.
CROSSING, 15,
16, 17,
19;
—a cause of uniformity, 15;
—occurs in all organised beings, 15;
—some characters not blended by, 15, 19;
—modifications and new races produced
by, 15;
—causes which check, 16;
—domestication and cultivation
favourable to, 16,
19;
—beneficial effects of, 17, 19;
—necessary in some plants, 17, 19;
—summary of subject of, 17;
—of dogs with wolves in North
America, 1 (2);
—with Canis cancrivorus in
Guiana, 1;
—of dog with wolf, described by Pliny
and others, 1;
—characters furnished by, brought out
by reversion in the progeny, 13;
—a direct cause of reversion, 13 (2);
—a cause of variability, 22.
CRUSTACEA, macrourous, differences in the development of the, 27.
CRUSTACEAN with an antenna-like development of the eye-peduncle,
27.
CRYPTOGAMIC plants, bud-variation in,
11.
CUBA, wild dogs of, 1.
"CUCKOO," sub-breeds of fowls, 7.
CUCUMBER, variation in number of carpels of, 10;
—supposed crossing of varieties of
the, 11.
Cucumis momordica, 10.
Cucumis sativa, 10.
Cucurbita, dwarf, correlation of leaves in, 25.
Cucurbita maxima, 10 (2).
Cucurbita moschata, 10 (2).
Cucurbita pepo 10;
—varieties of,
10;
—relation in size and number of fruit
of, 26.
CUCURBITACEÆ, 10;
—supposed crossing of, 11;
—Naudin's observations on hybrids of,
18;
—acclimatisation of, 24.
"CULBUTANTS" (pigeons), 5.
CULTIVATION of plants, origin of, among savages, 9 (2);
—fertility increased by, 16.
CUNIER, on hereditary night-blindness,
12.
CUPPLES, Mr., pairing of deer-hounds,
17.
CURRANTS, of Tierra del Fuego, 9;
—bud-variation in, 11.
CURTIS, Mr., bud-variation in the rose,
11.
CUVIER, on the gestation of the wolf,
1;
—the odour of the jackal, an obstacle
to domestication, 1;
—differences of the skull in dogs, 1;
—external characters of dogs, 1;
—elongation of the intestines in
domestic pigs, 3,
24;
—fertility of the hook-billed duck,
8;
—hybrid of ass and zebra, 13;
—breeding of animals in the Jardin
des Plantes, 18;
—sterility of predaceous birds in
captivity, 18;
—facility of hybridisation in
confinement, 18.
CYANOSIS, affection of fingers in,
25.
CYCLAMEN, bud-variation in, 11.
Cynara cardunculus, 13.
Cynips fecundatrix, 23.
Cynocephalus hamadryas, 18.
Cyprinus auratus, 8.
Cyrtanthus, 17.
Cyrtopodium, 17.
Cytisus adami, its bud-variation,
11;
—seedlings from, 11;
—different views of its origin, 11;
—experiments in crossing C.
purpureus and laburnum to produce, 11;
—its production by M. Adam, 11;
—discussion of origin of, 11.
Cytisus alpino-laburnum, ovules and pollen of, 11;
—origin of,
11.
Cytisus alpinus, 11.
Cytisus laburnum, 11 (3).
Cytisus purpureo-elongatus, ovules and pollen of, 11;
—production of, 11.
Cytisus purpureus, 11.
DAHLBOHM, effects of food on hymenoptera, 23.
DAHLIA, 10;
—bud-variation by tubers in the, 11;
—improvement of, by selection, 20;
—steps in cultivation of, 22;
—effect of conditions of life on, 23;
—correlation of form and colour in,
25.
DAISY, hen-and-chicken, 10;
—Swan River,
22.
DALBRET, varieties of wheat, 9.
DALIBERT, changes in the odours of plants,
23.
DALLY, Dr., on consanguineous marriages,
17.
DALTONISM, hereditary, 12.
DAMARAS, cattle of, 3, 20 (2).
DAMSON, 10.
DANDOLO, Count, on silkworms, 8.
DANIELL, fertility of English dogs in Sierra Leone, 18.
DANISH Middens, remains of dogs in,
1.
DAPPLING in horses, asses, and hybrids,
2.
DARESTE, C., on the skull of the Polish fowl, 7;
—causes of variability, 22;
—on the production of monstrous
chickens, 23;
—co-existence of anomalies, 25;
—production of double monsters, 26.
DARVILL, Mr., heredity of good qualities in horses, 12.
DARWIN, C., on Lepus magellanicus,
4;
—on the wild potato, 9;
—dimorphism in the polyanthus and
primrose, 12.
DARWIN, Dr., improvement of vegetables by selection, 20.
DARWIN, Sir F., wildness of crossed pigs,
13.
DARWIN, G., consanguineous marriages,
17.
D'ASSO, monogynous condition of the hawthorn in Spain, 10.
Dasyprocta aguti, 18.
DATE-PALM, varieties of the, 22.
Datura, 13;
—variability in, 22.
Datura lævis and stramonium, reversion in
hybrids of, 11.
Datura stramonium, 14.
DAUBENTON, variations in the number of mammæ in dogs, 1;
—proportions of intestines in wild
and domestic cats, 1, 24.
DAUDIN, on white rabbits, 21.
DAVY, Dr., on sheep in the West Indies,
3.
DAWKINS, W. BOYD, history of the dog,
1;
—origin of cattle, 3;
—early domestication of Bos
longifrons in Britain, 3.
DEAF-MUTES, non-heredity in, 12.
DEAFNESS, inheritance of, 14.
DEAN, potato-grafting, 11.
DEBY, wild hybrids of common and musk ducks, 13.
DE CANDOLLE, ALPH., number and origin of cultivated plants, 9 (2), 10;
—regions which have furnished no
useful plants, 9;
—wild wheat,
9 (2);
—wild rye and oats, 9;
—antiquity of varieties of wheat, 9;
—apparent inefficacy of selection in
wheat, 9;
—origin and cultivation of maize, 9, 25;
—colours of seeds of maize, 9;
—varieties and origin of the cabbage,
9 (2);
—origin of the garden-pea, 9;
—on the vine,
10, 24;
—cultivated species of the orange
group, 10;
—Chinese origin of the peach, 10;
—on the peach and nectarine, 10 (2);
—varieties of the peach, 10;
—origin of the apricot, 10;
—origin and varieties of the plum, 10;
—origin of the cherry, 10;
—varieties of the gooseberry, 10;
—selection practised with
forest-trees, 10;
—wild fastigiate oak, 10;
—dark-leaved varieties of trees, 10;
—conversion of stamens into pistils
in the poppy, 10;
—variegated foliage, 10;
—heredity of white hyacinths, 10, 12;
—changes in oaks dependent on age, 11;
—inheritance of anomalous characters,
12;
—variation of plants in their native
countries, 22;
—deciduous bushes becoming evergreen
in hot climates, 24;
—antiquity of races of plants, 28.
DE CANDOLLE, P., non-variability of monotypic genera, 22;
—relative development of root and
seed in Raphanus sativus, 26.
DECAISNE, on the cultivation of the wild carrot, 9;
—varieties of the pear, 10;
—intercrossing of strawberries, 10;
—fruit of the apple, 11;
—sterility of Lysimachia
nummularia, 18;
—tender variety of the peach, 24.
DEER, assumption of horns by female,
13;
—imperfect development of horns in a,
on a voyage, 18.
DEER, fallow, 16.
DEERHOUND, Scotch, difference in size of the sexes of, 14;
—deterioration of, 17.
DEGENERATION of high-bred races, under neglect, 21.
DE JONGHE, J., on strawberries, 10;
—soft-barked pears, 21;
—on accumulative variation, 22;
—resistance of blossoms to frost, 24.
DELAMER, E. S., on rabbits, 4 (2).
Delphinium ajacis, 12.
Delphinium consolida, 12 (2).
DELPINO on Pangenesis, 27 (2).
Dendrocygna viduata, 18.
DENNY, H., lice of Aperea, 18.
DENTITION, variations of, in the horse,
2.
DEODAR, 10.
DESMAREST, distribution of white on dogs,
1;
—cat from the Cape of Good Hope, 1;
—cats of Madagascar, 1;
—occurrence of striped young in
Turkish pigs, 3;
—French breeds of cattle, 3;
—horns of goats, 3;
—on hornless goats, 24.
DESPORTES, number of varieties of roses,
10.
DEVAY, Dr., singular case of albinism,
12;
—on the marriage of cousins, 17;
—on the effects of close
interbreeding, 22.
DEVELOPMENT and metamorphosis, 27
(2).
DEVELOPMENT, arrests of, 24.
DEVELOPMENT, embryonic, 27.
D'HERVEY-SAINT-DENYS, L., on the Yami, or imperial race of the
Chinese, 20.
DHOLE, fertility of the, in captivity,
18.
DIABETES, occurrence of, in three brothers,
12.
Dianthus, contabescent plants of,
18 (2);
—hybrid varieties of, 22.
Dianthus armeria and deltoides, hybrids of, 15.
Dianthus barbatus, 11.
Dianthus caryophyllus, 11.
Dianthus japonicus, contabescence of female organs in, 18.
Diapheromera femorata, 27.
DICHOGAMOUS plants, 15.
DICKSON, Mr., on "running" in carnations,
11;
—on the colours of tulips, 11.
Dicotyles torquatus and labiatus, 18.
DIEFFENBACH, dog of New Zealand, 1;
—feral cats in New Zealand, 1;
—polydactylism in Polynesia, 12.
Dielytra, 13.
DIET, change of, 24 (2).
Digitalis, properties of, affected by culture, 23.
DIGITS, supernumerary, 12;
—analogy of, with embryonic
conditions, 13;
—fusion of,
26.
DIMORPHIC plants, 17;
—conditions of reproduction in, 19.
DIMORPHISM, reciprocal, 15.
DINGO, 1;
—variation of, in colour 1;
—half-bred, attempting to burrow 1;
—attraction of foxes by a female, 1;
—variations of, in confinement, 22.
DIOECIOUSNESS of strawberries, 10.
DISEASES, inheritance of, 12 (2);
—inherited at corresponding periods
of life, 14;
—peculiar to localities and climates,
23;
—obscure correlations in, 25 (2);
—affecting certain parts of the body,
27;
—occurring in alternate generations,
27.
DISTEMPER, fatal to white terriers,
21.
DISUSE and use of parts, effects of, 24,
26 (2), 28
(2);
—in the skeleton of rabbits, 4;
—in pigeons,
5;
—in fowls,
7;
—in ducks,
8;
—in the silk-moth, 8.
DIVERGENCE, influence of, in producing breeds of pigeons, 6.
DIXON, E. S., on the musk duck, 6;
—on feral ducks, 6;
—on feral pigeons in Norfolk Island,
6;
—crossing of pigeons, 6;
—origin of domestic fowls, 7;
—crossing of Gallus sonneratii
and common fowl, 7;
—occurrence of white in the young
chicks of black fowls, 7;
—Paduan fowl of Aldrovandi, 7;
—peculiarities of the eggs of fowls,
7;
—chickens, 7
(2);
—late development of the tail in
Cochin cocks, 7;
—comb of lark-crested fowls, 7;
—development of webs in Polish fowls,
7;
—on the voice of fowls, 7;
—origin of the duck, 8;
—ducks kept by the Romans, 8;
—domestication of the goose, 8;
—gander frequently white, 8;
—breeds of turkeys, 8;
—incubatory instinct of mongrels of
non-sitting races of fowls, 13;
—aversion of the dove-cot pigeon to
pair with fancy birds, 16;
—fertility of the goose, 16;
—general sterility of the guans in
captivity, 18;
—fertility of geese in captivity, 18;
—white pea-fowl, 25.
DOBELL, H., inheritance of anomalies of the extremities, 12;
—non-reversion to a malformation, 13.
DOBRIZHOFFER, abhorrence of incest by the Abipones, 17.
DOGS, origin of, 1;
—ancient breeds of, 1, 28;
—of Neolithic, Bronze and Iron
periods in Europe, 1 (2), 28;
—resemblance of, to various species
of Canidæ, 1;
—of North America compared with
wolves, 1 (2);
—of the West Indies, South America,
and Mexico, 1 (2);
—of Guiana,
1 (2);
—naked dogs of Paraguay and Peru, 1 (2);
—dumb, on Juan Fernandez, 1;
—of Juan de Nova, 1;
—of La Plata,
1;
—of Cuba,
1;
—of St. Domingo, 1;
—correlation of colour in, 1 (2);
—gestation of,
1 (2);
—hairless Turkish, 1, 21;
—inter-crossing of different breeds
of, 1;
—characters of different breeds of,
discussed, 1;
—degeneration of European, in warm
climates, 1 (2),
23;
—liability to certain diseases in
different breeds of, 1 (2);
—causes of differences of breeds
discussed, 1;
—catching fish and crabs in New
Guinea and Tierra del Fuego, 1;
—webbing of the feet in, 1;
—influence of selection in producing
different breeds of, 1 (2);
—retention of original habits by, 6;
—inheritance of polydactylism in, 12;
—feral,
13;
—reversion in fourth generation of,
13;
—of the Pacific Islands, 15, 20, 27;
—mongrel,
15;
—comparative facility of crossing
different breeds of, 16;
—fertility of,
16, 18;
—interbreeding of, 17;
—selection of, among the Greeks, 20 (2);
—among savages, 17 (2);
—unconscious selection of, 20 (2);
—valued by the Fuegians, 20 (2);
—climatal changes in hair of, 23;
—production of drooping ears in, 24;
—rejection of bones of game by, 24;
—inheritance of rudiments of limbs
in, 24;
—development of fifth toe in, 24;
—hairless, deficiency of teeth in, 25;
—short-faced, teeth of, 26;
—probable analogous variation in, 26;
—extinction of breeds of, 28.
DOMBRAIN, H. H., on the auricula,
26.
DOMESTICATION, essential points in, 28
(2);
—favourable to crossing, 16, (2);
—fertility increased by, 16, 19.
DOMESTICATED animals, origin of, 18
(2);
—occasional sterility of, under
changed conditions, 18 (2).
DONDERS, Dr., hereditary hypermetropia,
12.
DORKING fowl, 7 (2);
—furculum of, figured, 7.
DORMOUSE, 18.
DOUBLE flowers, 18 (4);
—produced by selection, 20.
DOUBLEDAY, H., cultivation of the filbert pine strawberry, 10.
DOUGLAS, J., crossing of white and black game-fowls, 15.
DOWNING, Mr., wild varieties of the hickory,
9;
—peaches and nectarines from seed, 10 (2);
—origin of the Boston nectarine, 10;
—American varieties of the peach, 10;
—North American apricot, 10;
—varieties of the plum, 10;
—origin and varieties of the cherry,
10 (2);
—"twin-cluster pippins," 10;
—varieties of the apple, 10;
—on strawberries, 10 (2);
—fruit of the wild gooseberry, 10;
—effects of grafting upon the seed,
12;
—diseases of plum and peach tree, 21;
—injury done to stone fruit in
America by the "weevil," 21;
—grafts of the plum and peach, 22;
—wild varieties of pears, 22;
—varieties of fruit-trees suitable to
different climates, 24.
DOWNING, Mr. J., sterility of shorthorns,
17.
Draba sylvestris 18.
DRAGON (pigeon), 5 (2).
"DRAIJER" (pigeon), 5.
DRINKING, effects of, in different climates, 23.
DROMEDARY, selection of, 20.
DRUCE, Mr., interbreeding, 17;
—value of cross breed of pigs, 17.
DU CHAILLU, fruit-trees in West Africa,
9.
DUCHESNE, on Fragaria vesca, 10
(2).
DUFOUR, LEON, on Cecidomyia and Misocampus, Intro.
DUCK, musk, retention of perching habit by the, 6;
—feral hybrid of, 6.
DUCK, penguin, hybrid of, with Egyptian goose, 14.
Duck, wild, difficulty of rearing,
21;
—effects of domestication on, 23.
DUCKS, breeds of, 8 (2);
—origin of,
8;
—history of,
8;
—wild, easily tamed, 8 (2);
—fertility of breeds of, when
crossed, 8;
—with the plumage of Anas
boschas, 8;
—Malayan penguin, identical in
plumage with English, 8;
—characters of the breeds of, 8;
—eggs of,
8;
—effects of use and disuse in, 8, 24;
—feral, in Norfolk, 6;
—Aylesbury, inheritance of early
hatching by, 12;
—reversion in, produced by crossing,
13;
—wildness of half-bred wild, 13;
—hybrids of, with the musk duck, 13 (2);
—assumption of male plumage by, 13;
—crossing of Labrador and penguin, 15;
—increased fertility of, by
domestication, 16;
—general fertility of, in
confinement, 18;
—increase of size of, by care in
breeding, 20;
—change produced by domestication in,
22.
DUMÉRIL, AUG., breeding of Siredon in the
branchiferous stage, 27.
DUN-COLOURED horses, origin of, 2.
DUREAU DE LA MALLE, feral pigs in Louisiana, 13;
—feral fowls in Africa, 13;
—bud-variation in the pear, 11;
—production of mules among the
Romans, 16.
Dusicyon silvestris, 1.
DUTCH rabbit, 4.
DUTCH roller pigeon, 5.
DUTROCHET, pelorism in the laburnum,
26.
DUVAL, growth of pears in woods in France,
22.
DUVAL-JOUVE, on Leersia oryzoides,
15.
DUVERNOY, self-impotence in Lilium candidum, 17.
DZIERZON, variability in the characters and habits of bees, 8.
EARLE, Dr., on colour-blindness, 14, 25.
EARS, of fancy rabbits, 4;
—deficiency of, in breeds of rabbits,
4;
—rudimentary, in Chinese sheep, 24;
—drooping,
24;
—fusion of,
26.
EATON, J. M., on fancy pigeons, 5,
(2);
—variability of characters in breeds
of pigeons, 5;
—reversion of crossed pigeons to
coloration of Columba livia, 6;
—on pigeon-fancying, 6 (3);
—on tumbler-pigeons, 6, 21;
—carrier-pigeon, 6;
—effects of interbreeding on pigeons,
17;
—properties of pigeons, 20;
—death of short-faced tumblers in the
egg, 21;
—Archangel-pigeon, 21.
ECHINODERMATA, metagenesis in, 27.
Ectopistes, specific difference in number of tail-feathers
in, 5.
Ectopistes migratorius, sterile hybrids of, with Turtur
vulgaris, 6.
EDENTATA, correlation of dermal system and teeth in the, 25.
EDGEWORTH, Mr., use of grass-seeds as food in the Punjab, 9.
EDMONSTON, Dr., on the stomach in Larus argentatus and the
raven, 24.
EDWARDS and Colin, on English wheat in France, 24.
EDWARDS, W. F., absorption of the minority in crossed races, 15.
EDWARDS, W. W., occurrence of stripes in a nearly thoroughbred
horse, 2;
—in foals of racehorses, 2.
EGGS, of fowls, characters of, 7;
—variations of, in ducks, 8;
—of the silk-moth, 8.
EGYPT, ancient dogs of, 1 (2);
—ancient domestication of the pigeon
in, 6;
—absence of the fowl in ancient, 7.
EGYPTIAN goose, hybrids of, with penguin duck, 8.
EHRENBERG, Prof., multiple origin of the dog, 1;
—dogs of Lower Egypt, 1;
—mummies of Felis maniculata,
1.
ELEMENTS of the body, functional independence of the, 27.
ELEPHANT, its sterility in captivity,18.
ELK, Irish, correlations in the, 25
(2).
ELLIOT, Sir WALTER, on cats in India,
1;
—on striped horses, 2;
—Indian domestic and wild swine, 3;
—pigeons from Cairo and
Constantinople, 5;
—fantail pigeons, 5;
—Lotan tumbler pigeons, 5;
—a pigeon uttering the sound "Yahu,"
5;
—Gallus bankiva in Pegu, 7.
ELLIS, Mr., varieties of cultivated plants in Tahiti, 22.
ELM, nearly evergreen Cornish variety of the, 10, 24;
—foliage-varieties of the, 10.
ELM, weeping, 10;
—not reproduced by seed, 12.
Emberiza passerina, 18.
EMBRYOS, similarity of, 1;
—fusion of,
26.
ENGEL, on Laurus sassafras,
23.
ENGLAND, domestication of Bos longifrons in, 3;
—selection of horses in, in
mediæval times, 20;
—laws against the early slaughter of
rams in, 20.
EPHEMERIDÆ, development of the,
27.
Epidendrum cinnabarinum, 11;
—and E. zebra, 17.
EPILEPSY, hereditary, 12, 14.
Equus burchellii, 2.
Equus quagga, 2.
Equus indicus, 1 (2).
Equus tæniopus, 2 (2), 13.
ERDT, disease of the white parts of cattle,
25.
ERICACEÆ, frequency of contabescence in the, 18.
ERICHTHONIUS, an improver of horses by selection, 20.
ERMAN, on the fat-tailed Kirghisian sheep,
3, 23;
—on the dogs of the Ostyaks, 20.
Erodium, 13.
Erythrina crista-galli and E. herbacea, hybrids of,
22.
Eschscholtzia californica, self-sterile in England, 17.
ESQUILANT, Mr., on the naked young of dun-coloured pigeons, 5.
ESQUIMAUX dogs, their resemblance to wolves,
1;
—selection of,
20.
ESQUIROL, on hereditary insanity, 2.
EUDES-DESLONGCHAMPS, on appendages under the jaw of pigs, 3.
Euonymus japonicus, 11.
Euphorbia maculata, 23.
EUROPEAN cultivated plants, still wild in Europe, 9.
EVANS, Mr., on the Lotan tumbler pigeon,
5.
EVELYN, pansies grown in his garden,
10.
EVEREST, R., on the Newfoundland dog in India, 1, 24;
—degeneration of setters in India, 1;
—Indian wild boars, 3.
EWES, hornless, 26.
EXTINCTION of domestic races, 6.
EYES, hereditary peculiarities of the,
12;
—loss of, causing microphthalmia in
children, 12;
—modification of the structure of, by
natural selection, 20 (2).
EYEBROWS, hereditary elongation of hairs in, 12.
EYELIDS, inherited peculiarities of the,
12.
EYTON, Mr., on gestation in the dog,
1;
—variability in number of
vertebræ in the pig, 3;
—individual sterility, 18.
Faba vulgaris,
9.
FABRE, observations on Ægilops triticoides, 9.
Fagus sylvatica, 12.
FAIRWEATHER, Mr., production of double flowers from old seed, 18.
FAIVRE, on the Primula sinensis,
10, 25.
Falco albidus, resumption of young plumage by, in
captivity, 18.
Falco ossifragus, 21.
Falco subbuteo, copulating in captivity, 18.
Falco tinnunculus, breeding in captivity, 18.
FALCONER, Dr., sterility of English bulldogs in India, 1;
—resemblance between
Sivatherium and Niata cattle, 3;
—selection of the silkworm in India,
8;
—fastigiate apple-trees in Calcutta,
10;
—reproduction of a supernumerary
thumb after amputation, 12;
—fertility of the dhole in captivity,
18;
—fertility of English dogs in India,
18;
—sterility of the tiger in captivity,
18;
—turkeys at Delhi, 18;
—on Indian cultivated plants, 18;
—Thibet mastiff and goat, 23.
FALCONS, sterility of, in captivity,
18.
FALKLAND Islands, horses of the, 2
(2);
—feral pigs of the, 3;
—feral cattle of the, 3 (2);
—feral rabbits of the, 4.
FALLOW deer, 16,
17.
FANTAIL pigeons, 5, 21;
—figured,
5;
—furculum of, figured, 5;
—history of,
6;
—absence of oil-gland in, 26.
FAROE Islands, pigeons of the, 6.
FASHION, influence of, in breeding,
21.
FASTIGIATE trees, 23, 26.
FAUNAS, geographical differences of,
1.
"FAVOURITE" bull, 14, 17.
FEATHERS, homologous variation in,
25.
FEET, of pigeons, individual differences of,
5;
—correlations of external characters
in, 5.
FEET and beak, correlation of, in pigeons,
5.
FELIDÆ, fertility of, in captivity,
18.
Felis bubastes, 1.
Felis caffra, 1.
Felis caligulata, 1.
Felis chaus, 1.
Felis jubata, 18.
Felis lybica, 1.
Felis maniculata, 1.
Felis manul, 1.
Felis ornata, 1.
Felis sylvestris, 1.
Felis torquata, 1.
FEMALE, affected by male element, 27
(2).
FEMALE flowers, in male panicle of maize,
9.
FENN, Mr., grafting potatoes, 11.
FENNEL, Italian variety of, 9.
FERAL cats, 1;
—cattle,
3;
—rabbits, 4
(2);
—Guinea fowl,
8;
—animals and plants, reversion in, 13 (3).
FERGUSON, Mr., supposed plurality of origin of domestic fowls, 7;
—chickens of black game-fowls, 7;
—relative size of eggs of fowls, 7;
—yolk of eggs of game-fowls, 7;
—early pugnacity of game-cocks, 7;
—voice of the Malay fowl, 7;
—effects of interbreeding on fowls,
17;
—selection in Cochin-China fowls, 20;
—on fashion in poultry, 21.
FERNANDEZ, on Mexican dogs, 1.
FERNS, reproduction of abnormal forms of, by spores, 11;
—non-diffusion of cell-gemmules in,
27.
FERRETS, 16,
18, 20.
FERTILISATION, artificial, of the St. Valéry apple, 10 (2).
FERTILITY, various degrees of, in sheep,
3;
—unlimited mutual, of breeds of
pigeons, 6;
—comparative, of mongrels and
hybrids, 16 (2),
19;
—influence of nourishment on, 16;
—diminished by close interbreeding,
17, 19;
—reduced, of Chillingham wild cattle,
17;
—of domesticated varieties when
crossed, 19.
Festuca, species of, propagated by bulblets, 18.
FILBERTS, spared by tomtits, 21.
FILIPPI, on the breeding of branchiferous tritons, 27.
FINCHES, general sterility of, in captivity, 18.
FINNIKIN (pigeon), 5.
FINNOCCHIO, 9.
FIR, Scotch, acclimatisation of, 24.
FISH, Mr., advantage of change of soil to plants, 18.
FISHES, regeneration of portions of fins of, 13;
—variability of, when kept in tanks,
22;
—marine, living in fresh water, 24;
—double monsters of, 26.
FISSION and gemmation, 27.
FITCH, Mr., persistency of a variety of the pea, 9.
FITTEST, survival of the, 1.
FITZINGER, origin of sheep, 3;
—African maned sheep, 3.
FITZPATRICK, Mr., potato-grafting,
11.
FIXEDNESS of character, conditions of, discussed, 14.
FLAX, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings,
9;
—climatal difference in products of,
23.
FLEECE, fineness of, in Austrian merinos,
20.
FLEISCHMANN, on German sheep crossed with merinos, 15.
"FLORENTINER-TAUBE,", 5 (2).
FLOUNDER, 1.
FLOURENS, crossing of wolf and dog,
1;
—prepotency of the jackal over the
dog, 14;
—hybrids of the horse and ass, 14;
—breeding of monkeys in Europe, 18.
FLOWER-GARDEN, earliest known, in Europe,
20.
FLOWERS, capricious transmission of colour-varieties in, 12 (2);
—tendency to uniformity in striped,
14;
—scorching of, dependent on colour,
21;
—change in, caused by conditions of
life, 23;
—rudimentary,
24;
—relative position of, to the axis,
26.
FŒTATION, abdominal, 24.
FOLEY, Mr., wild varieties of pears,
22.
FOLIAGE, inherited peculiarities of,
10;
—variegation of, 10;
—bud-variation in, 11.
FOOD, influence of, on the pig, 3;
—on cattle,
3;
—excess of, a cause of variability,
22.
FORBES, D., on Chilian sheep, 3;
—on the horses of Spain, Chili, and
the Pampas, 2.
Formica rufa, 22.
FORTUNE, R., sterility of the sweet potato in China, 18;
—development of axillary bulbs in the
yam, 18.
FOWL, common, breeds of, 7;
—supposed plurality of origin, 7;
—early history of, 7;
—causes of production of breeds of,
7;
—origin of, from Gallus
bankiva, 7 (2);
—feral, notices of, 7 (2);
—reversion and analogous variation
in, 7, 13 (2),
26 (2);
—"cuckoo" sub-breeds of, 7;
—history of,
7;
—structural characters of, 7;
—sexual peculiarities of, 7, 14;
—external differences of, 7;
—differences of breeds of, from G.
bankiva, 7;
—osteological characters of, 7;
—effects of disuse of parts in, 7, 24;
—feral, 6,
13;
—polydactylism in, 12;
—fertility of, increased by
domestication, 16,
18;
—sterility of, under certain
conditions, 18;
—influence of selection on, 20 (3);
—evils of close interbreeding of, 17 (2);
—crossing of,
15;
—prepotency of transmission in, 14;
—rudimentary organs in, 24;
—crossing of non-sitting varieties
of, 13 (2);
—homology of wing and leg feathers
in, 25;
—hybrids of, with pheasants and
Gallus sonneratii, 13;
—black-skinned, 20;
—black, preyed upon by the osprey in
Ireland, 21;
—five-toed, mentioned by Columella,
28;
—rumpless, tailed chickens produced
by, 13;
—Dorking, crosses of, 15;
—form of comb and colour of plumage
in, 21;
—game, crossing of white and black,
15;
—five-spurred,
27;
—Spanish, liable to suffer from
frost, 24;
—Polish, peculiarities of skull of,
25.
FOX, sterility of, in captivity, 18.
FOX, S. BEVAN, races of bees, 8.
FOX, W. DARWIN, gestation of the dog,
1;
—"Negro" cat,
1;
—reversion of sheep in colour, 13;
—period of gestation in the pig, 3;
—young of the Himalayan rabbit, 4;
—crossing of wild and domestic
turkeys, 8;
—reversion in crossed musk ducks, 13;
—spontaneous segregation of varieties
of geese, 16;
—effects of close interbreeding upon
bloodhounds, 17;
—deafness of white cats with blue
eyes, 25.
FOXHOUNDS, 1,
17.
Fragaria chiloensis, 10.
Fragaria collina, 10.
Fragaria dioica of Duchesne,
10.
Fragaria elatior, 10.
Fragaria grandiflora, 10.
Fragaria vesca, 10.
Fragaria virginiana, 10.
Fraxinus excelsior, 10, 11, 12.
Fraxinus lentiscifolia, 12.
FRIESLAND cattle, probably descended from Bos primigenius,
3.
FRILLBACK pigeon, 5;
—Indian,
5.
Fringilla ciris, 18.
Fringilla spinus, 18.
FRIZZLED fowls, 7;
—horses,
2.
FROG, polydactylism in the, 12.
FRUIT, seedless, 18.
FRUIT-TREES, varieties of, occurring wild,
9.
FRY, Mr., on fertile hybrid cats, 1;
—on feral fowls in Ascension, 7.
FUCHSIAS, origin of, 10;
—bud-variation in,11.
Fuchsia coccinea and fulgens, twin seed produced by
crossing, 11.
FUEGIANS, their superstition about killing young water-fowl, 9;
—selection of dogs by the, 20;
—their comparative estimation of dogs
and old women, 20;
—their power of distant vision, 20.
FUNGI, parasitic, 23 (2).
FÜRBRINGER, Dr., on nails of Saurians,
27.
FURCULUM, characters and variations of the, in pigeons, 5;
—alteration of, by disuse, in
pigeons, 5;
—characters of, in fowls, 7.
FUSION of homologous parts, 27.
GAIT, inheritance of peculiarities of, 12.
GALAPAGOS Archipelago, its peculiar fauna and flora, Intro
Galeobdolon luteum, pelorism in,
13, 26.
GALLS, 13 (2).
GALL-GNATS, 23.
GALL-LIKE excrescences not inherited,
13.
GALLINACEOUS birds, restricted range of large, 7;
—general fertility of, in captivity,
18.
Gallinula chloropus, 5.
Gallinula nesiotis, 8.
GALLESIO, species of oranges, 10;
—hybridisation of oranges, 10;
—persistency of races in the peach,
10;
—supposed specific distinctions of
peach and nectarine10;
—bizzarria orange, 11;
—crossing of red and white
carnations, 11;
—crossing of the orange and lemon, 11, 27;
—effect of foreign pollen on maize,
4;
—spontaneous crossing of oranges, 15;
—monstrosities a cause of sterility
in plants, 18;
—seeding of ordinarily seedless
fruits, 18;
—sterility of the sugar-cane, 18;
—tendency of male flowers to become
double, 18;
—effects of selection in enlarging
fruit, etc., 20;
—variation of the orange-tree in
North Italy, 22;
—naturalisation of the orange in
Italy, 24.
Gallus æneus, a hybrid of G. varius and the
domestic fowl, 7.
Gallus bankiva, probable original of domestic fowls, 7 (3);
—game-fowl, nearest to, 7;
—crossed with G. sonneratii,
7;
—its character and habits, 7, 16;
—differences of various breeds of
fowls from, 7;
—occipital foramen of, figured, 7;
—skull of, figured, 7;
—cervical vertebra of, figured, 7;
—furculum of, figured, 7;
—reversion to, in crossed fowls, 13 (2);
—hybrid of, with G. varius, 7, 13;
—number of eggs of, 16.
Gallus ferrugineus, 7.
Gallus furcatus, 7.
Gallus giganteus, 7.
Gallus sonneratii, characters and habits of, 7;
—hybrids of,
7, 13
Gallus stanleyi, hybrids of,
7.
Gallus temminckii, probably a hybrid,
7.
Gallus varius, characters and habits of, 7;
—hybrids and probable hybrids of, 7.
GALTON, Mr., fondness of savages for taming animals, 1;
—cattle of Benguela, 3;
—on hereditary talent, 12;
—on Pangenesis, 27.
GAMBIER, Lord, his early cultivation of the pansy, 10.
GAME-FOWL, 7 (2).
GAPES, 21.
GARCILAZO DE LA VEGA, annual hunts of the Peruvian Incas, 20.
GARNETT, Mr., migratory propensities of hybrid ducks, 13.
GARROD, Dr., on hereditary gout, 12.
GÄRTNER, on the sterility of hybrids,
6, 16,
19;
—acquired sterility of varieties of
plants when crossed, 10;
—sterility in transplanted plants,
and in the lilac in Germany, 18;
—mutual sterility of blue and red
flowers of the pimpernel, 19;
—supposed rules of transmission in
crossing plants, 14;
—on crossing plants, 15, 17 (3);
—on repeated crossing, 22;
—absorption of one species by
another, when crossed, 15;
—crossing of varieties of the pea, 11;
—crossing maize, 16;
—crossing of species of
Verbascum, 15,
16;
—reversion in hybrids, 13 (3);
—of Cereus, 11;
—of Tropæolum majus and
minus, 11;
—variability of hybrids, 22;
—variable hybrids from one variable
parent, 22;
—graft hybrid produced by inoculation
in the vine, 11;
—effect produced by grafts on the
stock, 11,
23;
—tendency of hybrid plants to produce
double flowers, 18;
—production of perfect fruit by
sterile hybrids, 18;
—sexual elective affinity, 19;
—self-impotence in Lobelia,
Verbascum, Lilium, and Passiflora, 17 (2);
—on the action of pollen, 16;
—fertilisation of Malva, 11, 27;
—prepotency of pollen, 19;
—prepotency of transmission in
species of Nicotiana, 14;
—bud-variation in Pelargonium
zonale, 11;
—in Œnothera biennis, 11;
—in Achillæa millefolium,
11;
—effect of manure on the fertility of
plants, 18;
—on contabescence, 18;
—inheritance of plasticity, 21;
—villosity of plants, 23.
GASPARINI, a genus of pumpkins, founded on stigmatic characters,
10.
GAUDICHAUD, bud-variation in the pear,
11;
—apple-tree with two kinds of fruit
on branch, 11.
GAY, on Fragaria grandiflora,
10;
—on Viola lutea and
tricolor, 10;
—on the nectary of Viola
grandiflora, 10.
GAYAL, domestication of the, 3.
GAYOT. See Moll.
GEESE (anseres), general fertility of, in captivity, 18.
GEMMATION and fission, 27.
GEMMULES, or cell-gemmules, 27 (3).
GENERATION, alternate, 27 (3).
GENERATION, sexual, 27.
GENET, fertility of the, in captivity,
18. GENIUS, inheritance of, 12.
Gentiana amarella, 18.
GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, production of monstrous chickens, 23;
—"Loi de l'affinite de soi pour
soi," 26;
—compensation of growth, 26.
GEOFFROY SAINT-HILAIRE, ISID., origin of the dog, 1;
—barking of a jackal, 1;
—period of gestation and odour of the
jackal, 1;
—anomalies in the teeth of dogs, 1;
—variations in the proportions of
dogs, 1;
—webbed feet of Newfoundland dogs, 1;
—crossing of domestic and wild cats,
1;
—domestication of the arni, 3;
—supposed introduction of cattle into
Europe from the East, 3;
—absence of interdigital pits in
sheep, 3;
—origin of the goat, 3;
—feral geese,
6;
—ancient history of the fowl, 7;
—skull of the Polish fowl, 7;
—preference of the Romans for the
liver of white geese, 8;
—polydactylism, 12;
—assumption of male characters by
female bird, 13;
—transmission and blending of
characters in hybrids, 15;
—refusal of animals to breed in
captivity, 18;
—on the Guinea-pig, 18;
—silkworms producing white cocoons,
20;
—on the carp,
21;
—on Helix lactea, 23;
—on monstrosities, 22;
—injury to the embryo a cause of
monstrosity, 22;
—alteration in the coat of horses in
coal-mines, 23;
—length of the intestines in wild and
tame animals, 24 (2);
—inheritance of rudimentary limbs in
the dog, 24;
—correlation in monstrosities, 25;
—supernumerary digits in man, 25;
—co-existence of anomalies, 25;
—presence of hairs and teeth in
ovarian tumours, 27;
—development of teeth on the palate
in the horse, 27.
GEOGRAPHICAL differences of faunas,
Intro.
GEOLOGICAL succession of organisms,
Intro.
Geranium, 13.
Geranium phæum and pyrenaicum, 22.
Geranium pratense, 11.
GERARD, asserted climatal change in Burgundian bees, 8.
GERARDE, on varieties of the hyacinth,
10.
GERSTÄCKER, on hive-bees, 8.
GERVAIS, Prof., origin of the dog, 1;
—resemblance of dogs and jackals, 1;
—taming of the jackal, 1;
—number of teeth in dogs, 1;
—breeds of dogs, 1;
—on tertiary horses, 2;
—Biblical notices of horses, 2;
—species of Ovis, 3;
—wild and domestic rabbits, 4;
—rabbits from Mount Sinai and
Algeria, 4;
—earless rabbits, 4;
—batrachia with doubled limbs, 27.
GESTATION, period of, in the dog, wolf, etc., 1;
—in the pig,
3 (2);
—in cattle,
3, 25;
—in sheep,
3.
GESTURES, inheritance of peculiarities in,
12.
"GHOONDOOKS" a sub-breed of fowls, 7.
GHOR-KHUR, 13.
GILES, Mr., effect of cross-breeding in the pig, 11.
GIRAFFE, co-ordination of structure of,
20.
GIRARD, period of appearance of permanent teeth in dogs, 1.
GIRAUD-TEULON, cause of short sight,
12.
GIROU DE BUZAREINGUES, inheritance in the horse, 12;
—reversion by age in cattle, 13;
—prepotency of transmission of
character in sheep and cattle, 14;
—on crossing gourds, 16.
GISBURNE, wild cattle at, 3.
Gladiolus, 10;
—self-impotence of hybrids of, 17.
Gladiolus colvillii, bud-variation in, 11.
GLANDS, compensatory development of,
24.
GLASTONBURY thorn, 10.
GLENNY, Mr., on the Cineraria,
20.
GLOEDE, F., on strawberries, 10.
GLOGER, on the wings of ducks, 24.
"GLOUGLOU" (pigeon), 5.
Gloxiniæ, peloric, 10, 18.
GMELIN, on red cats, at Tobolsk, 1.
GOAT, 3 (2);
—polydactylism in the, 12;
—sexual differences in horns of, 14;
—valued by South Africans, 20;
—Thibet,
23;
—amount of milk and development of
udders in the, 24;
—hornless, rudimentary bony cores in,
24;
—Angora,
25.
GODINE, on prepotency of transmission.,
14
GODRON, odour of the hairless Turkish dog,
1;
—differences in the skull of dogs, 1;
—increase of breeds of horses, 2;
—crossing of domestic and wild swine,
3;
—on goats, 3
(2);
—colour of the skin in fowls, 7;
—bees of north and south of France,
8;
—introduction of the silkworm into
Europe, 8;
—variability in the silkworm, 8;
—supposed species of wheat, 9 (2);
—on Ægilops triticoides,,
9;
—variable presence of barbs in
grasses, 9;
—colours of the seeds of maize, 9;
—unity of character in cabbages, 9;
—correlation of colour and odour, 9;
—effect of heat and moisture on the
cabbage, 9;
—on the cultivated species of
Brassica, 9;
—on the Rouncival and sugar peas, 9;
—variation in the numbers of peas in
the same pod, 9;
—wild vines in Spain, 10;
—on raising peaches from seed, 10;
—supposed specific distinctness of
peach and nectarine, 10;
—nectarine producing peaches, 10;
—on the flower of Corydalis,
26;
—origin and variations of the plum,
10;
—origin of the cherry, 10;
—reversion of single-leaved
strawberries, 10;
—five-leaved variety of Fragaria
collina, 10;
—supposed immutability of specific
characters, 10 (2);
—varieties of Robinia, 10;
—permanency of the simple-leaved ash,
10;
—non-inheritance of certain
mutilations, 12;
—wild turnips, carrots, and celery,
13;
—peloria,
13;
—prepotency of a goat-like ram, 14;
—benefit of change of soil to plants,
18;
—fertility of peloric flowers of
Corydalis solida, 18;
—seeding of ordinarily seedless
fruit, 18;
—sexual sterility of plants
propagated by buds, etc., 18;
—increase of sugar in beet-root, 20;
—effects of selection in enlarging
particular parts of plants, 20;
—growth of the cabbage in the
tropics, 23;
—rejection of bitter almonds by mice,
21;
—influence of marshy pasture on the
fleece of sheep, 23;
—on the ears of ancient Egyptian
pigs, 24;
—primitive distinctness of species,
28;
—solid-hoofed swine, 28.
GOETHE, on compensation of growth,
26.
GOLD-FISH, 8 (2),
21.
GOMARA, on South American cats, 1.
GONGORA, number of seeds in the, 27.
GOODMAN, three-toed cows, 12.
GOOSE, ancient domestication of, 8;
—sacred to Juno in Rome, 8;
—inflexibility of organisation of, 8;
—skull perforated in tufted, 8;
—characters of breeds and sub-breeds
of, 8 (2);
—variety of, from Sebastopol, 8, 27;
—feral, in La Plata, 6;
—Egyptian, hybrid of, with penguin
duck, 14;
—spontaneous segregation of varieties
of, 16;
—fertility of, increased by
domestication, 16;
—decreased fertility of, in Bogota,
18;
—sterility of, in the Philippine
Islands, 18;
—selection of,
20;
—white, preference of the Romans for
the liver of, 20;
—persistency of character in, 22;
—Egyptian, change in breeding season
of, 24.
GOOSEBERRY, 10;
—bud-variation in the, 11;
—Whitesmith's,
21.
GÖPPERT, on monstrous poppies,
18.
GOSSE, P. H., feral dogs in Jamaica,
1;
—feral pigs of Jamaica, 3;
—feral rabbits of Jamaica, 4;
—on Columba leucocephala, 6;
—feral Guinea fowl in Jamaica, 6;
—reproduction of individual
peculiarities by gemmation in a coral,
11;
—frequency of striped legs in mules,
13.
GOULD, Dr., on hereditary hæmorrhage,
12.
GOULD, JOHN, origin of the turkey, 8.
Goura coronata and Victoriæ, hybrids of, 6, 18.
GOURDS, 10;
—crossing of varieties of, 16;
—ancient Peruvian variety of, 28.
GOUT, inheritance of, 12;
—period of appearance of, 14.
GRABA, on the pigeon of the Faroe Islands,
6.
GRAFTING, 18;
—effects of,
22 (2);
—upon the stock, 11;
—upon the variability of trees, 22;
—changes analogous to bud-variation
produced by, 11 (2).
GRAFT-HYBRIDS, 11 (2), 27.
GRAPES, bud-variation in, 11;
—cross of white and purple, 11;
—green, liable to disease, 25;
—effect of foreign pollen on, 11.
GRASSES, seeds of, used as food by savages,
9.
GRAY, ASA, superior wild varieties of fruit-trees, 9;
—cultivated native plants of North
America, 9,
10;
—non-variation of weeds, 9;
—supposed spontaneous crossing of
Cucurbitaceæ, 11;
—pre-ordination of variation, 11;
—progeny of husked form of maize, 9;
—wild intermediate forms of
strawberries, 10.
GRAY, G. R., on Columba gymnocyclus,,
6.
GRAY, J. E., on Sus pliciceps,
3;
—on a variety of the gold-fish, 8;
—hybrids of the ass and zebra, 13 (2);
—on the breeding of animals at
Knowsley, 18;
—on the breeding of birds in
captivity, 18.
GREENE, J. REAY, on the development of the echinodermata, 27.
GREENHOW, Mr., on a Canadian web-footed dog,
1.
GREENING, Mr., experiments on Abraxas grossulariata, 23.
GREGSON, Mr., experiments on Abraxas grossulariata, 23.
GREY, Sir GEORGE, preservation of seed-bearing plants by the
Australian savages, 9;
—detestation of incest by Australian
savages, 17.
GREYHOUNDS, sculptured on Egyptian monuments, and in the Villa of
Antoninus, 1;
—modern breed of, 1;
—crossed with the bulldog, by Lord
Orford, 3;
—close interbreeding of, 17;
—co-ordination of structure of, due
to selection, 20 (2);
—Italian,
21.
GREYNESS, inherited at corresponding periods of life, 14.
GRIEVE, Mr., on early-flowering dahlias,
10.
GRIGOR, Mr., acclimatisation of the Scotch fir, 24.
GRÖNLAND, hybrids of Ægilops and wheat, 16.
GROOM-NAPIER, C. O., on the webbed feet of the otter-hound, 1.
GROS, on Pangenesis, 27.
"GROSSES-GORGES" (pigeons), 5.
GROUND-TUMBLER, Indian, 5.
GROUSE, fertility of, in captivity,
18.
Grus montigresia, cinerea, and antigone, 18.
GUANACOS, selection of, 20.
GUANS, general fertility of, in captivity,
18.
GUELDER-ROSE, 19.
GUELDERLAND fowls, 6.
GUIANA, selection of dogs by the Indians of, 20.
GUINEA fowl, 8;
—feral, in Ascension and Jamaica, 6, 13;
—indifference of, to change of
climate, 18.
GUINEA pig, 12,
18.
GÜLDENSTADT, on the jackal, 1.
GULL, herring, breeding in confinement,
18.
GULLS, general sterility of, in captivity,
18.
Gulo, sterility of, in captivity,
18.
GÜNTHER, A., on tufted ducks and geese,
7;
—on the regeneration of lost parts in
batrachia, 27.
GURNEY, Mr., owls breeding in captivity,
18;
—appearance of "black-shouldered"
among ordinary peacocks, 8.
HABIT, influence of, in acclimatisation, 24.
HÄCKEL, on fissiparous reproduction,
27;
—on cells,
27;
—on the double reproduction of
medusæ, 27;
—on inheritance, 27.
HACKLES, peculiarities of, in fowls,
7.
HAIR, on the face, inheritance of, in man,
12;
—peculiar lock of, inherited, 12;
—growth of, under stimulation of
skin, 25;
—homologous variation of, 25;
—development of, in the brain, 27.
HAIR and teeth, correlation of, 25.
HAIRY family, corresponding period of inheritance in, 14.
HALF-CASTES, character of, 13.
HALF-LOP rabbits, figured and described,
4, (2);
—skull of,
4.
Haliætus leucocephalus, copulating in captivity, 18.
HALLAM, Col., on a two-legged race of pigs,
12.
HALLET, Major, selection in cereals,
5;
—on pedigree wheat, 9.
HAMBURGH fowl, 7 (2);
—figured,
7.
HAMILTON, wild cattle of, 3.
HAMILTON, Dr., on the assumption of male plumage by the hen
pheasant, 13.
HAMILTON, F. BUCHANAN, on the shaddock,
10;
—varieties of Indian cultivated
plants, 22.
HANCOCK, Mr., sterility of tamed birds,
18 (2).
HANDWRITING, inheritance of peculiarities in, 12.
HANMER, Sir J., on selection of flower-seeds, 20.
HANSELL, Mr., inheritance of dark yolks in duck's eggs, 8.
HARCOURT, E. V., on the Arab boar-hound,
1;
—aversion of the Arabs to
dun-coloured horses, 2.
HARDY, Mr., effect of excess of nourishment on plants, 22.
HARE, hybrids of, with rabbit, 4;
—sterility of the, in confinement, 18;
—preference of, for particular
plants, 21.
HARE-LIP, inheritance of, 12.
HARLAN, Dr., on hereditary diseases,
12.
HARTMAN, on the wild ass, 2.
HARVEY, Mr., monstrous red and white African bull, 3.
HARVEY, Prof., singular form of Begonia frigida, 10;
—effects of cross-breeding on the
female, 11;
—monstrous saxifrage, 18.
HASORA wheat, 9.
HAUTBOIS strawberry, 10.
HAWKER, Col., on call or decoy ducks,
8.
HAWTHORN, varieties of, 10 (2);
—pyramidal,
10;
—pendulous hybridised, 12;
—changes of, by age, 10, 11;
—bud-variation in the, 11;
—flower buds of, attacked by
bullfinches, 21.
HAYES, Dr., character of Esquimaux dogs,
1.
HAYWOOD, W., on the feral rabbits of Porto Santo, 4.
HAZEL, purple-leaved, 10, 11, 25.
HEAD of wild boar and Yorkshire pig, figured, 3.
HEAD and limbs, correlated variability of,
25.
HEADACHE, inheritance of, 14.
HEARTSEASE, 10;
—change produced in the, by
transplantation, 11;
—reversion in,
13 (2);
—effects of selection on, 20;
—scorching of,
21;
—effects of seasonal conditions on
the, 23;
—annual varieties of the, 24.
HEAT, effect of, upon the fleece of sheep,
3.
HEBER, Bishop, on the breeding of the rhinoceros in captivity, 18.
HEBRIDES, cattle of the, 3;
—pigeons of the, 6.
HEER, O., on the plants of the Swiss lake-dwellings, 9;
—on the cereals, 9;
—on the peas,
9;
—on the vine growing in Italy in the
Bronze age, 10.
HEIMANN, potato-grafting, 11.
Helix lactea, 23.
Hemerocallis fulva and flava, interchanging by
bud-variation, 11.
HEMLOCK, yields no conicine in Scotland,
23.
HEMP, differences of, in various parts of India, 18;
—climatal difference in products of,
23.
HEMPSEED, effect of, upon the colour of birds, 23.
HERMAPHRODITE flowers, occurrence of, in maize, 9.
HEN, assumption of male characters by the,
13 (2);
—development of spurs in the, 24.
"HENNIES," or hen-like male fowls, 7.
HENRY, T. A., a variety of the ash produced by grafting, 11;
—crossing of species of
Rhododendron and Arabis,
11.
HENSLOW, Prof., individual variation in wheat, 9;
—bud-variation in the Austrian
bramble rose, 11;
—partial reproduction of the weeping
ash by seed, 12.
HEPATICA, changed by transplantation,
11.
HERBERT, Dr., variations of Viola grandiflora, 10;
—bud-variation in camellias, 11;
—seedlings from reverted Cytisus
adami,, 11;
—crosses of Swedish and other
turnips, 15;
—on hollyhocks, 20;
—breeding of hybrids, 17;
—self-impotence in hybrid
hippeastrums, 17 (2);
—hybrid Gladiolus, 17;
—on Zephyranthes candida, 18;
—fertility of the crocus, 18;
—on contabescence, 18;
—hybrid Rhododendron, 22.
HERCULANEUM, figure of a pig found in,
3.
HERON, Sir R., appearance of "black-shouldered" among ordinary
peacocks, 8 (2);
—non-inheritance of monstrous
characters by gold-fish, 8;
—crossing of white and coloured
Angora rabbits, 15;
—crosses of solid-hoofed pigs, 15.
Herpestes fasciatus and griseus, 18.
HEUSINGER, on the sheep of the Tarentino,
21;
—on correlated constitutional
peculiarities, 25.
HEWITT, Mr., reversion in bantam cocks,
7;
—degeneration of silk fowls, 7;
—partial sterility of hen-like male
fowls, 7;
—production of tailed chickens by
rumpless fowls, 7;
—on taming and rearing wild ducks, 8, 21, 22;
—conditions of inheritance in laced
Sebright bantams, 12;
—reversion in rumpless fowls, 13;
—reversion in fowls by age, 13;
—hybrids of pheasant and fowl, 13, 14;
—assumption of male characters by
female pheasants, 13;
—development of latent characters in
a barren bantam hen, 13;
—mongrels from the silk fowl, 14;
—effects of close interbreeding on
fowls, 17 (2);
—on feather-legged bantams, 25.
HIBBERT, Mr., on the pigs of the Shetland Islands, 3.
HIBISCUS, See Paritium.
HIGHLAND cattle, descended from Bos longifrons, 3.
HILDEBRAND, Dr., on graft-hybrids with the potato, 11;
—on the influence of pollen on the
mother-plant, 11;
—on the fertilisation of
Orchideæ, 11 (2);
—occasional necessary crossing of
plants, 15;
—on seeds not fitted for
distribution, 9;
—potato-grafting, 11;
—crossing of varieties, 16;
—on Primula sinensis and
Oxalis rosea, 17;
—on Corydalis cava, 17 (2).
HILL, R., on the Alco, 1;
—feral rabbits in Jamaica, 4;
—feral peacocks in Jamaica, 6;
—variation of the Guinea fowl in
Jamaica, 8;
—sterility of tamed birds in Jamaica,
18 (2).
HIMALAYA, range of gallinaceous birds in the, 7.
HIMALAYAN rabbit, 4 (2);
—skull of,
4.
HIMALAYAN sheep, 3.
HINDMARSH, Mr., on Chillingham cattle,
3.
"HINKEL-TAUBE," 5 (2).
HINNY and mule, difference of, 14.
Hipparion, anomalous resemblance to, in horses, 2.
Hippeastrum, hybrids of, 17
(2).
HIVE-BEES, ancient domestication of,
8;
—breeds of,
8;
—smaller when produced in old combs,
8;
—variability in, 8;
—crossing of Ligurian and common, 8.
HOBBS, FISHER, on interbreeding pigs,
17.
"HOCKER-TAUBE," 5.
HODGKIN, Dr., on the attraction of foxes by a female Dingo, 1;
—origin of the Newfoundland dog, 1;
—transmission of a peculiar lock of
hair, 12.
HODGSON, Mr., domestication of Canis primævus, 1;
—development of a fifth digit in
Thibet mastiffs, 1;
—number of ribs in humped cattle, 3;
—on the sheep of the Himalaya, 3;
—presence of four mammæ in
sheep, 3;
—arched nose in sheep, 3;
—measurements of the intestines of
goats, 3;
—presence of interdigital pits in
goats, 3;
—disuse a cause of drooping ears, 24.
HOFACKER, persistency of colour in horses,
2, 12;
—production of dun horses from
parents of different colours, 2;
—inheritance of peculiarities in
handwriting, 12;
—heredity in a one horned stag, 12;
—on consanguineous marriages, 17.
HOFFMAN, Prof., on Raphanus,
9.
HOG, Red River, 18.
HOGG, Mr., retardation of breeding in cows by hard living, 16.
HOLLAND, Sir H., necessity of inheritance,
12;
—on hereditary diseases, 12;
—hereditary peculiarity in the
eyelid, 12;
—morbid uniformity in the same
family, 12;
—transmission of hydrocele through
the female, 13;
—inheritance of habits and tricks, 27.
HOLLY, varieties of the, 10 (2);
—bud-reversion in, 11;
—yellow-berried, 12, 21.
HOLLYHOCK, bud-variation in, 11;
—non-crossing of double varieties of,
16;
—tender variety of the, 24.
HOMER, notice of geese, 8;
—breeding of the horses of
Æneas, 20.
HOMOLOGOUS parts, correlated variability of, 25, 26 (2);
—fusion of,
26;
—affinity of,
26 (2).
HOOFS, correlated with hair in variation,
25.
HOOK-BILLED duck, skull figured, 8.
HOOKER, Dr. J. D., forked shoulder-stripe in Syrian asses, 2;
—voice of the cock in Sikkim, 7;
—use of Arum-roots as food, 9;
—native useful plants of Australia,
9;
—wild walnut of the Himalayas, 10;
—variety of the plane-tree, 10;
—production of Thuja
orientalis from seeds of T. pendula, 10;
—singular form of Begonia
frigida, 10;
—reversion in plants run wild, 13;
—on the sugar-cane, 18;
—on Arctic plants, 22;
—on the oak grown at the Cape of Good
Hope, 23;
—on Rhododendron ciliatum, 23;
—stock and mignonette perennial in
Tasmania, 24.
HOPKIRK, Mr., bud-variation in the rose,
11;
—in Mirabilis jalapa, 11;
—in Convolvulus tricolor, 11.
HORNBEAM, heterophyllous, 10.
HORNED fowl, 7;
—skull figured,
7.
HORNLESS cattle in Paraguay, 3.
HORNS of sheep, 3;
—correlation of, with fleece in
sheep, 25;
—correlation of, with the skull, 25;
—rudimentary in young polled cattle,
24;
—of goats,
3.
HORSES, in Swiss lake-dwellings, 2;
—different breeds of, in Malay
Archipelago, 2;
—anomalies in osteology and dentition
of, 2;
—mutual fertility of different
breeds, 2;
—feral,
2;
—habit of scraping away snow, 2;
—mode of production of breeds of, 2;
—inheritance and diversity of colour
in, 2;
—dark stripes in, 2;
—dun-coloured, origin of, 2;
—colours of feral, 3 (2);
—effect of fecundation by a quagga on
the subsequent progeny of, 11;
—inheritance of peculiarities in, 12 (2);
—polydactylism in, 12;
—inheritance of colour in, 12;
—inheritance of exostoses in legs of,
12;
—reversion in,
13 (2);
—hybrids of, with ass and zebra, 13;
—prepotency of transmission in the
sexes of, 14;
—segregation of, in Paraguay, 16;
—wild species of, breeding in
captivity, 18;
—curly, in Paraguay, 20, 25;
—selection of, for trifling
characters, 20;
—unconscious selection of, 20 (2);
—natural selection in Circassia, 21;
—alteration of coat of, in
coal-mines, 23;
—degeneration of, in the Falkland
Islands, 23;
—diseases of, caused by shoeing, 24;
—feeding on meat, 24;
—white and white-spotted, poisoned by
mildewed vetches, 25;
—analogous variations in the colour
of, 26;
—teeth developed on palate of, 27;
—of Bronze period in Denmark, 28.
HORSE-CHESTNUT, early, at the Tuileries,
10;
—tendency to doubleness in, 18.
HORSE-RADISH, general sterility of the,
18.
"HOUDAN," a French sub-breed of fowls,
7.
HOWARD, C., on an Egyptian monument,
1;
—on crossing sheep, 3 (2).
HUC, on the Emperor Khang-hi, 20;
—Chinese varieties of the bamboo, 22.
HUMBOLDT, A., character of the Zambos,
13;
—parrot speaking in the language of
an extinct tribe, 18;
—on Pulex penetrans, 23.
HUMIDITY, injurious effect of, upon horses,
2.
HUMPHREYS, Col., on Ancon sheep, 3.
HUNGARIAN cattle, 3.
HUNTER, JOHN, period of gestation in the dog, 1;
—on secondary sexual characters, 3;
—fertile crossing of Anser
ferus and the domestic goose, 8;
—inheritance of peculiarities in
gestures, voice, etc., 12;
—assumption of male characters by the
human female, 13;
—period of appearance of hereditary
diseases, 14;
—graft of the spur of a cock upon its
comb, 24;
—on the stomach of Larus
tridentatus, 24.
HUNTER, W., evidence against the influence of imagination upon the
offspring, 22.
HUTH, Mr., close interbreeding of rabbits,
17;
—consanguineous marriages, 17.
HUTTON, Capt., on the variability of the silk-moth, 8;
—on the number of species of
silkworms, 8;
—markings of silkworms, 8;
—domestication of the rock-pigeon in
India, 6;
—domestication and crossing of
Gallus bankiva, 7;
—reversion in goats from a cross, 13.
HUTCHINSON, Col., liability of dogs to distemper, 1.
HUXLEY, Prof., on the transmission of polydactylism, 12;
—on unconscious selection, 20;
—on correlation in the mollusca, 25;
—on gemmation and fission, 27;
—development of star-fishes, 27.
HYACINTHS, 10;
—bud-variation in, 11;
—graft-hybrid by union of half bulbs
of, 11;
—white, reproduced by seed, 12;
—red,
21;
—varieties of, recognisable by the
bulb, 22.
HYACINTH, feather, 19, 24.
Hyacinthus orientalis, 10.
Hybiscus syriacus, 23.
HYBRIDS, of hare and rabbit, 6;
—of various species of Gallus,
7;
—of almond, peach, and nectarine, 10;
—naturally produced, of species of
Cytisus, 11;
—from twin-seed of Fuchsia
coccinea and fulgens, 11;
—reversion of,
11 (2), 13 (2);
—from mare, ass, and zebra, 13;
—of tame animals, wildness of, 13 (2);
—female instincts of sterile male, 13;
—transmission and blending of
characters in, 15;
—breed better with parent species
than with each other, 17;
—self-impotence in, 17;
—readily produced in captivity, 18.
HYBRIDISATION, singular effects of, in oranges, 10;
—of cherries,
10;
—difficulty of, in
Cucurbitæ, 10;
—of roses,
10.
HYBRIDISM, 19;
—the cause of a tendency to double
flowers, 18;
—in relation to Pangenesis, 27.
HYBRIDITY in cats, 1 (2);
—supposed, of peach and nectarine, 10.
Hydra, 11,
24, 27.
HYDRANGEA, colour of flowers of, influenced by alum, 23.
HYDROCELE, 13.
HYDROCEPHALUS, 24.
Hypericum calycinum, 18.
Hypericum crispum, 21, 25.
HYPERMETAMORPHOSIS, 27.
HYPERMETROPIA, hereditary, 12.
ICHTHYOPTERYGIA, number of digits in the, 13.
Ilex aquifolium, 12.
IMAGINATION, supposed effect of, on offspring, 22.
Imatophyllum miniatum, bud-variation in, 11.
INCEST, abhorred by savages, 17.
INCUBATION, by crossed fowls of non-sitting varieties, 13.
INDIA, striped horses of, 2;
—pigs of, 3
(2);
—breeding of rabbits in, 4;
—cultivation of pigeons in, 6.
INDIVIDUAL variability in pigeons, 5.
INGLEDEW, Mr., cultivation of European vegetables in India, 18.
"INDISCHE Taube," 5.
INHERITANCE, 12,
27, (2);
—doubts entertained of, by some
writers, 12;
—importance of, to breeders, 11, 12;
—evidence of, derived from statistics
of chances, 12;
—of peculiarities in man, 12, (2);
—of disease,
12 (3);
—of peculiarities in the eye, 12;
—of deviations from symmetry, 12;
—of polydactylism, 12;
—capriciousness of, 12;
—of mutilations, 12;
—of congenital monstrosities, 12;
—causes of absence of, 12;
—by reversion or atavism, 13;
—its connection with fixedness of
character, 14;
—affected by prepotency of
transmission of character, 14;
—limited by sex, 14;
—at corresponding periods of life, 14;
—summary of the subject of, 14;
—laws of, the same in seminal and bud
varieties, 11;
—of characters in the horse, 2;
—in cattle,
3;
—in rabbits,
4;
—in the peach,
10;
—in the nectarine, 10;
—in plums,
10;
—in apples,
10;
—in pears,
10;
—in the pansy,
10;
—of primary characters of Columba
livia in crossed pigeons, 5;
—of peculiarities of plumage in
pigeons, 5;
—of peculiarities of foliage in
trees, 10;
—effects of, in varieties of the
cabbage, 9.
INSANITY, inheritance of, 12, 14.
INSECTS, regeneration of lost parts in,
10, 24;
—agency of, in fecundation of
larkspurs, 12;
—effect of changed conditions upon,
18;
—sterile neuter, 19;
—monstrosities in, 22, 27.
INSTINCTS, defective, of silkworms,
8.
INTERBREEDING, close, ill effects of,
17, 19.
INTERCROSSING, of species, as a cause of variation, 6;
—natural, of plants, 10;
—of species of Canidæ and breeds
of dogs, 1;
—of domestic and wild cats, 1 (2);
—of breeds of pigs, 3 (2);
—of cattle,
3;
—of varieties of cabbage, 9;
—of peas, 9
(3);
—of varieties of orange, 10;
—of species of strawberries, 10 (2);
—of Cucurbitæ, 10 (2);
—of flowering plants, 10;
—of pansies,
10.
INTERDIGITAL pits, in goats, 3.
INTERMARRIAGES, close, 17 (2).
INTESTINES, elongation of, in pigs,
3;
—relative measurement of parts of, in
goats, 3;
—effects of changed diet on, 24.
Ipomœa purpurea, 17.
IRELAND, remains of Bos frontosus and longifrons
found in, 3.
IRIS, hereditary absence of the, 12;
—hereditary peculiarities of colour
of the, 12;
—variation of,
11.
Iris xiphium, 11.
IRISH, ancient, selection practised by the,
20.
IRON period, in Europe, dog of, 1.
ISLANDS, oceanic, scarcity of useful plants on, 9.
ISLAY, pigeons of, 6.
ISOLATION, effect of, in favour of selection, 21 (2).
ITALY, vine-growing in, during the Bronze period, 10.
IVY, sterility of, in the north of Europe,
18.
JACK, Mr., effect of foreign pollen on grapes, 11.
JACKAL, 1 (3);
—hybrids of, with the dog, 1;
—prepotency of, over the dog, 1.
JACKSON, Mr., white-footed cats, 25.
JACOBIN pigeon, 5,
6.
JACQUEMET-BONNEFORT, on the mulberry,
10.
JAEGER, Prof., on reversion in pigs, from a cross, 13;
—white pigeons killed by hawks, 21.
JAGUAR, with crooked legs, 1.
JAMAICA, feral dogs of, 1;
—feral pigs of,
3;
—feral rabbits of, 4.
JAMESON, Mr., on hybrid potatoes,
11.
JAPAN, horses of, 2.
JAPANESE pig (figured), 3.
JARDINE, Sir W., crossing of domestic and wild cats, 1.
JARVES, J., silkworm in the Sandwich Islands, 8.
JAVA, fantail pigeon in, 5.
JAVANESE ponies, 2 (2).
JEITTELES, history of the dog, 1;
—history of the fowl, 7;
—Hungarian sheep-dogs, 1;
—crossing of domestic and wild cats,
1.
JEMMY BUTTON, 9.
JENYNS, L., whiteness of ganders, 8;
—sunfish-like variety of the
goldfish, 8.
JERDON, J. C., number of eggs laid by the pea-hen, 20;
—origin of domestic fowl, 7.
JERSEY, arborescent cabbages of, 9.
JESSAMINE, 11.
JESSE, G. R., on the bulldog, 1.
JOHN, King, importation of stallions from Flanders by, 20.
JOHNSON, D., occurrence of stripes on young wild pigs in India, 3.
JORDAN, A., on Vibert's experiments on the vine, 10;
—origin of varieties of the apple, 10;
—varieties of pears found wild in
woods, 22.
JOURDAN, parthenogenesis in the silk-moth,
27.
JUAN DE NOVA, wild dogs on, 1.
JUAN FERNANDEZ, dumb dogs on, 1.
Juglans regia, 10.
JUKES, Prof., origin of the Newfoundland dog, 1.
JULIEN, Stanislas, early domestication of pigs in China, 3;
—antiquity of the domestication of
the silkworm in China, 8.
JUMPERS, a breed of fowls, 7.
JUNIPER, variations of the, 10 (2).
Juniperus suecica, 10.
Jussiæa grandiflora, 18.
JUSSIEU, A. de, structure of the pappus in Carthamus, 24.
KAIL, Scotch, reversion in, 13.
KALES, 9.
"KALI-PAR" pigeon, 5.
KALM, P., on maize, 9, 24;
—introduction of wheat into Canada,
9;
—sterility of trees growing in
marshes and dense woods, 18.
"KALMI LOTAN" tumbler pigeon, 5.
KANE, Dr., on Esquimaux dogs, 1.
KARAKOOL sheep, 3.
KARKEEK, on inheritance in the horse,
12.
"KARMELITEN Taube," 5.
KARSTEN on Pulex penetrans,
23.
KATTYWAR horses, 2.
KEELEY, R., pelorism in Galeobdolon luteum, 13.
KERNER, on the culture of Alpine plants,
18;
—definite action of conditions, 23.
KESTREL, breeding in captivity, 18.
"KHANDÉSI," 5.
KHANG-HI, selection of a variety of rice by, 20.
KIANG, 13.
KIDD, on the canary-bird, 8, 14.
KIDNEY bean, 10;
—varieties of,
22, 23.
KIDNEYS, compensatory development of the,
24;
—shape of, in birds influenced by the
form of the pelvis, 26.
KING, Col., domestication of rock doves from the Orkneys, 6 (2).
KING, Dr., on Paritium, 11.
KING, P. P., on the dingo, 1 (2).
KIRBY and Spence, on the growth of galls,
23.
KIRGHISIAN sheep, 3.
KITE, breeding in captivity, 18.
KLEINE, variability of bees, 8.
KNIGHT, ANDREW, on crossing horses of different breeds, 2;
—crossing varieties of peas, 9, 17;
—persistency of varieties of peas, 9;
—origin of the peach, 10;
—hybridisation of the morello by the
Elton cherry, 10;
—on seedling cherries, 10;
—variety of the apple not attacked by
coccus, 10;
—intercrossing of strawberries, 10 (2);
—broad variety of the cock's-comb, 10;
—bud variation in the cherry and
plum, 11;
—crossing of white and purple grapes,
11;
—experiments in crossing apples, 11, 17;
—hereditary disease in plants, 12;
—on interbreeding, 17;
—crossed varieties of wheat, 17;
—necessity of intercrossing in
plants, 19;
—on variation,
22 (2);
—effects of grafting, 11, 23;
—bud-variation in a plum, 23;
—correlated variation of head and
limbs, 8.
KNOX, Mr., breeding of the eagle owl in captivity, 18.
KOCH, degeneracy in the turnip, 9.
KOHLRABI, 9.
KÖLREUTER, reversion in hybrids,
11, 13;
—acquired sterility of crossed
varieties of plants, 10, 16;
—absorption of Mirabilis
vulgaris by M. longiflora,
15;
—crosses of species of
Verbascum, 15,
16;
—on the hollyhock, 16;
—crossing varieties of tobacco, 16;
—benefits of crossing plants, 17 (2), 19
(2);
—sell-impotence in Verbascum,
17 (2);
—effects of conditions of growth upon
fertility in Mirabilis, 18;
—great development of tubers in
hybrid plants, 18;
—inheritance of plasticity, 21;
—variability of hybrids of
Mirabilis, 22;
—repeated crossing a cause of
variation, 22;
—number of pollen-grains necessary
for fertilisation, 27.
"KRAUSESCHWEIN," 3.
KROHN, on the double reproduction of Medusæ, 27.
"KROPF-TAUBEN," 5.
LABAT, on the tusks of feral boars in the West
Indies, 5;
—on French wheat grown in the West
Indies, 24;
—on the culture of the vine in the
West Indies, 24.
LABURNUM, Adam's, see Cytisus adami,;
—oak-leaved, reversion of, 11;
—pelorism in the, 26;
—Waterer's,
11.
LACHMANN, on gemmation and fission,
27.
Lachnanthes tinctoria, 21, 25.
LACTATION, imperfect, hereditary,
12;
—deficient, of wild animals in
captivity, 18.
LADRONE Islands, cattle of, 3.
LA GASCA, Prof., individual variation in wheat, 9.
LAING, Mr., resemblance of Norwegian and Devonshire cattle, 3.
LAKE-DWELLINGS, sheep of, 3;
—cattle of,
3;
—absence of the fowl in, 7;
—cultivated plants of, 9, 28 (2);
—cereals of,
9;
—peas found in,
9;
—beans found in, 9.
LAMARE-PIQUOT, observations on half-bred North American wolves, 1.
LAMBERT, A. B., on Thuja pendula or filiformis, 10.
LAMBERT family, 12, 14.
LAMBERTYE, on strawberries, 10 (2);
—five-leaved variety of Fragaria
collina, 10.
LANDT, L., on sheep in the Faroe Islands,
16.
LANKESTER, RAY, on longevity, 27.
LA PLATA, wild dogs of, 1;
—feral cat from, 1.
LARCH, 24.
LARKSPURS, insect agency necessary for the full fecundation of, 12.
Larus argentatus, 18, 24.
Larus tridactylus, 24.
LASTERYE, merino sheep in different countries, 3.
LATENT characters, 13.
LATHAM, on the fowl not breeding in the extreme north, 18.
Lathyrus, 13.
Lathyrus aphaca, 26.
Lathyrus odoratus, 11 (2), 15 (2), 24.
LA TOUCHE, J. D., on a Canadian apple with dimidiate fruit, 11 (2).
"LATZ-TAUBE," 5.
LAUGHER pigeon, 5,
6.
Laurus sassafras, 23.
LAWRENCE, J., production of a new breed of foxhounds, 1;
—occurrence of canines in mares, 2;
—on three-parts-bred horses, 2;
—on inheritance in the horse, 12 (2).
LAWSON, Mr., varieties of the potato,
9.
LAXTON, Mr., bud-variation in the gooseberry, 11;
—crossing of varieties of the pea, 11 (2);
—weakness of transmission in peas, 14;
—double-flowered peas, 18.
LAYARD, E. L., resemblance of a Caffre dog to the Esquimaux breed,
1, 23;
—crossing of the domestic cat with
Felis caffra, 1;
—feral pigeons in Ascension, 6;
—domestic pigeons of Ceylon, 6;
—on Gallus stanleyi, 7;
—on black-skinned Ceylonese fowls, 7.
LE COMPTE family, blindness inherited in,
14.
LECOQ, bud-variation in Mirabilis jalapa, 11;
—hybrids of Mirabilis, 11, 18, 22;
—crossing in plants, 17;
—fecundation of Passiflora, 17;
—hybrid Gladiolus, 17;
—sterility of Ranunculus
ficaria, 18;
—villosity in plants, 23;
—double asters, 24.
LE COUTEUR, J., varieties of wheat,
9;
—acclimatisation of exotic wheat in
Europe, 9;
—adaptation of wheat to soil and
climate, 9;
—selection of seed-corn, 9;
—evil from inter-breeding, 17;
—on change of soil, 18;
—selection of wheat, 20;
—natural selection in wheat, 21;
—cattle of Jersey, 21.
LEDGER, Mr., on the llama and alpaca,
20.
LEE, Mr., his early culture of the pansy,
10.
Leersia oryzoides, 15.
LEFOUR, period of gestation in cattle,
3.
LEGRAIN, falsified experiments of,
17.
LEGS, of fowls, effects of disuse on,
7;
—characters and variations of, in
ducks, 24.
LEGUAT, cattle of the Cape of Good Hope,
3.
LEHMANN, occurrence of wild double-flowered plants near a hot
spring, 18.
LEIGHTON, W. A., propagation of a weeping yew by seed, 12.
LEITNER, effects of removal of anthers,
18.
LEMMING, 18.
LEMOINE, variegated Symphytum and Phlox, 11.
LEMON, 10;
—orange fecundated by pollen of the,
11.
LEMURS, hybrid, 4.
LEPORIDES, 18.
LEPSIUS, figures of ancient Egyptian dogs,
1;
—domestication of pigeons in ancient
Egypt, 6.
Lepus glacialis, 4.
Lepus magellanicus, 4.
Lepus nigripes, 4.
Lepus tibetanus, 4.
Lepus variabilis, 4.
LEREBOULLET, double monsters of fishes,
26.
LESLIE, on Scotch wild cattle, 3.
LESSONA, on regrowth, 27;
—on Lepus magellanicus, 4.
LETHBRIDGE, previous impregnation,
11.
LEUCKART, on the larva of Cecidomyidæ,
27.
LEWES, G. H., on Pangenesis, 27.
LEWIS, G., cattle of the West Indies,
21.
LHERBETTE and Quatrefages, on the horses of Circassia, 16, 21.
LICHENS, sterility in, 18.
LICHTENSTEIN, resemblance of Bosjesman's dogs to Canis
mesomelas, 1;
—Newfoundland dog at the Cape of Good
Hope, 1.
LIEBIG, differences in human blood, according to complexion, 23.
LIEBREICH, occurrence of pigmentary retinitis in deaf-mutes, 25.
LILACS, 18.
LILIACEÆ, contabescence in, 18.
Lilium bulbiferum and davuricum, 11.
Lilium candidum, 17.
LIMBS, regeneration of, 27.
LIMBS and head, correlated variation of,
25.
LIME, effect of, upon shells of the mollusca, 23.
LIME-TREE, changes of, by age, 10, 11.
LIMITATION, sexual, 14.
LIMITATION, supposed, of variation,
28.
Linaria, pelorism in, 13 (2), 14;
—peloric, crossed with the normal
form, 14;
—sterility of,
18.
Linaria vulgaris and purpurea, hybrids of, 15.
LINDEMUTH, potato-grafting, 11.
LINDLEY, JOHN, classification of varieties of cabbages, 9;
—origin of the peach, 10;
—influence of soil on peaches and
nectarines, 10;
—varieties of the peach and
nectarine, 10;
—on the New Town pippin, 10;
—freedom of the Winter Majetin apple
from coccus, 10;
—production of monœcious
Hautbois strawberries by bud-selection,
10;
—origin of the large tawny nectarine,
11;
—bud-variation in the gooseberry, 11;
—hereditary disease in plants, 12;
—on double flowers, 18;
—seeding of ordinarily seedless
fruits, 18;
—sterility of Acorus calamus,
18;
—resistance of individual plants to
cold, 24.
LINNÆUS, summer and winter wheat regarded as distinct species
by, 9;
—on the single-leaved strawberry, 10;
—sterility of Alpine plants in
gardens, 18;
—recognition of individual reindeer
by the Laplanders, 22;
—growth of tobacco in Sweden, 24.
LINNET, 18.
Linota cannabina, 18.
Linum, 18.
LION, fertility of, in captivity, 18
(2).
LIPARI, feral rabbits of, 4.
LIVINGSTONE, Dr., striped young pigs on the Zambesi, 3;
—domestic rabbits at Loanda, 4;
—use of grass-seeds as food in
Africa, 9;
—planting of fruit-trees by the
Batokas, 9;
—character of half-castes, 13;
—taming of animals among the Barotse,
18;
—selection practised in South Africa,
20 (2).
LIVINGSTONE, Mr., disuse a cause of drooping ears, 24.
LIZARDS, reproduction of tail in,
24.
LLAMA, selection of, 20.
LLOYD, Mr., taming of the wolf, 1;
—English dogs in northern Europe, 1;
—fertility of the goose increased by
domestication, 8;
—number of eggs laid by the wild
goose, 16;
—breeding of the capercailzie in
captivity, 18.
LOANDA, domestic rabbits at, 4.
Loasa, hybrid of two species of,
15.
Lobelia, reversion in hybrids of,
11;
—contabescence in, 18.
Lobelia fulgens, cardinalis, and syphilitica, 17.
LOCKHART, Dr., on Chinese pigeons, 6.
LOCUST-TREE, 23.
LOISELEUR-DESLONGCHAMPS, originals of cultivated plants, 9;
—Mongolian varieties of wheat, 9;
—characters of the ear in wheat, 9;
—acclimatisation of exotic wheat in
Europe, 9;
—effect of change of climate on
wheat, 9;
—on the supposed necessity of the
coincident variation of weeds and cultivated plants, 9;
—advantage of change of soil to
plants, 18.
Lolium temulentum, variable presence of barbs in, 9.
LONG-TAILED sheep, 3.
LOOCHOO Islands, horses of, 2.
LORD, J. K., on Canis latrans,
1.
"LORI RAJAH," how produced, 7.
Lorius garrulus, 23.
"LOTAN" tumbler pigeon, 5.
LOUDON, J. W., varieties of the carrot,
9;
—short duration of varieties of peas,
9;
—on the glands of peach-leaves, 10;
—presence of bloom on Russian apples,
10;
—origin of varieties of the apple, 10;
—varieties of the gooseberry, 10;
—on the nut tree, 10;
—varieties of the ash, 10;
—fastigiate juniper (J.
suecica), 10;
—on Ilex aquifolium ferox, 10;
—varieties of the Scotch fir, 10 (2);
—varieties of the hawthorn, 10;
—variation in the persistency of
leaves on the elm and Turkish oak,
10;
—importance of cultivated varieties,
10;
—varieties of Rosa
spinosissima, 10;
—variation of dahlias from the same
seed, 10;
—production of Provence roses from
seeds of the moss-rose, 11;
—effect of grafting the purple-leaved
upon the common hazel, 11;
—intercrossing melons, 17;
—nearly evergreen Cornish variety of
the elm, 24.
LOW, on the pigs of the Orkney Islands,
3.
LOW, Prof., pedigrees of greyhounds,
12;
—origin of the dog, 1;
—burrowing instinct of a half-bred
dingo, 1;
—inheritance of qualities in horses,
2;
—comparative powers of English
racehorses, Arabs, etc., 2;
—British breeds of cattle, 3;
—wild cattle of Chartley, 3;
—effect of abundance of food on the
size of cattle, 3;
—effects of climate on the skin of
cattle, 3,
25;
—on interbreeding, 17;
—selection in Hereford cattle, 20;
—formation of new breeds, 21;
—on "sheeted" cattle, 26.
LOWE, Mr., on hive bees, 8.
LOWE, Rev. Mr., on the range of Pyrus malus and P.
acerba, 10.
LOWNE, Mr., monsters, 26;
—on gemmules,
27.
"LOWTUN" tumbler pigeon, 5.
Loxia pyrrhula, 5.
LUBBOCK, Sir J., developments of the Ephemeridæ, 27.
LUCAS, P., effects of cross-breeding on the female, 11;
—hereditary diseases, 12, 14 (2);
—hereditary affections of the eye, 12 (2);
—inheritance of anomalies in the
human eye and in that of the horse,
12;
—inheritance of polydactylism, 12;
—morbid uniformity in the same
family, 12;
—inheritance of mutilations, 12;
—persistency of cross-reversion, 13;
—persistency of character in breeds
of animals in wild countries, 14;
—prepotency of transmission, 14 (2);
—supposed rules of transmission in
crossing animals, 14;
—sexual limitations of transmission
of peculiarities, 14 (2);
—absorption of the minority in
crossed races, 15;
—crosses without blending of certain
characters, 15;
—on interbreeding, 17;
—variability dependent on
reproduction, 22;
—period of action of variability, 22;
—inheritance of deafness in cats, 25;
—complexion and constitution, 25.
LUCAZE-DUTHIERS, structure and growth of galls, 23.
LUCAE, Prof., on the masked pig, 3;
—on pigs,
24.
LUIZET, grafting of a peach-almond on a peach, 10.
LUTKE, cats of the Caroline Archipelago,
1.
LUXURIANCE, of vegetative organs, a cause of sterility in plants,
18 (2).
LYONNET, on the scission of Nais,
27.
Lysimachia nummularia, sterility of,
18.
Lythrum, trimorphic species of,
27.
Lythrum salicaria, 19;
—contabescence in, 18.
Lytta vesicatoria, affecting the kidneys, 27.
Macacus, species of, bred in captivity, 18.
MACAULAY, Lord, improvement of the English horse, 20.
M'CLELLAND, Dr., variability of fresh-water fishes in India, 22.
M'COY, Prof., on the dingo, 1.
MACFAYDEN, influence of soil in producing sweet or bitter oranges
from the same seed, 10.
MACGILLIVRAY, domestication of the rock-dove, 6;
—feral pigeons in Scotland, 6;
—number of vertebræ in birds, 7;
—on wild geese,
8;
—number of eggs of wild and tame
ducks, 16.
MACKENZIE, Sir G., peculiar variety of the potato, 9.
MACKENZIE, P., bud-variation in the currant, 11.
MACKINNON, Mr., horses of the Falkland Islands, 2;
—feral cattle of the Falkland
Islands, 3.
MACKNIGHT, C., on interbreeding cattle,
17.
MACNAB, Mr., on seedling weeping birches,
12;
—non-production of the weeping beech
by seed, 12.
MADAGASCAR, cats of, 1.
MADDEN, H., on interbreeding cattle,
17.
MADEIRA, rock pigeon of, 6.
Magnolia grandiflora, 24.
MAGNUS, Herr, on potato-grafting,
11;
—on graft-hybrids, 11 (2).
MAIZE, its unity of origin, 9;
—antiquity of,
9;
—with husked grains said to grow
wild, 9;
—variation of,
7;
—irregularities in the flowers of, 9;
—persistence of varieties, 9;
—adaptation of, to climate, 9, 24;
—acclimatisation of, 24, 26;
—crossing of,
11, 16 (2);
—extinct Peruvian varieties of, 28.
MALAY fowl, 7.
MALAY Archipelago, horses of, 2;
—short-tailed cats of, 1;
—striped young wild pigs of, 3;
—ducks of,
8.
MALE, influence of, on the fecundated female, 11;
—supposed influence of, on offspring,
14.
MALE flowers, appearance of, among female flowers in maize, 9.
MALFORMATIONS, hereditary, 14.
MALINGIÉ-NOUEL, on sheep, 3;
—cross-breeding sheep, 14;
—English sheep in France, 21.
MALM, eyes of flat fish, 13.
Malva, fertilisation of, 11, 27.
Mamestra suasa, 18.
MAMMÆ, variable in number in the pig,
3;
—rudimentary, occasional full
development of, in cows, 3, 24;
—four present in some sheep, 3;
—variable in number in rabbits, 4;
—latent functions of, in male
animals, 13,
24.
MANGLES, Mr., annual varieties of the heartsease, 24.
MANTEGAZZA, abnormal growth of spur of cock, 27;
—on Pangenesis, 27.
MANTELL, Mr., taming of birds by the New Zealanders, 18.
MANU, domestic fowl noticed in the Institutes of, 7.
MANURE, effect of, on the fertility of plants, 18.
MANX cats, 1,
14.
MARCEL DE SERRES, fertility of the ostrich,
18.
MARIANNE Islands, varieties of Pandanus in, 22.
MARKHAM, GERVASE, on rabbits, 4, 20.
MARKHOR, probably one of the parents of the goat, 3.
MARQUAND, cattle of the Channel Islands,
3.
MARRIMPOEY, inheritance in the horse,
12.
MARROW, vegetable, 10.
MARRYATT, Capt., breeding of asses in Kentucky, 21.
MARSDEN, notice of Gallus giganteus,
7.
MARSHALL, Dr. W., on Gallus sonneratii, 7.
MARSHALL, Mr., voluntary selection of pasture by sheep, 3;
—adaptation of wheats to soil and
climate, 9;
—"Dutch-buttocked" cattle, 12;
—segregation of herds of sheep, 16;
—advantage of change of soil to wheat
and potatoes, 18;
—fashionable change in the horns of
cattle, 20;
—sheep in Yorkshire, 21.
MARTENS, E. VON, on Achatinella,
13.
MARTIN, W. C. L., origin of the dog,
1;
—Egyptian dogs,
1;
—barking of a Mackenzie River dog, 1;
—African hounds in the Tower
menagerie, 3;
—on dun horses and dappled asses, 2;
—breeds of the horse, 2;
—wild horses,
2;
—Syrian breeds of asses, 2;
—asses without stripes, 2;
—effects of cross-breeding on the
female in dogs, 11;
—striped legs of mules, 13.
MARTINS, defective instincts of silkworms,
8.
MARTIUS, C., fruit-trees of Stockholm,
24.
MASON, W., bud-variation in the ash,
11.
MASTERS, Dr., on bud-variation and reversion, 11;
—potato-grafting, 11;
—on pollen within ovules, 27;
—reversion in the spiral-leaved
weeping willow, 11;
—on peloric flowers, 13;
—on Opuntia, 23;
—pelorism in a clover, 26;
—position as a cause of pelorism, 26 (2).
MASTERS, Mr., persistence of varieties of peas, 9;
—reproduction of colour in hyacinths,
12;
—on hollyhocks, 16;
—selection of peas for seed, 20;
—on Hibiscus syriacus, 23;
—reversion by the terminal pea in the
pod, 26.
MASTIFF, sculptured on an Assyrian monument,
1, 28;
—Tibetan, 1,
23.
MATTHEWS, PATRICK, on forest trees,
21.
Matthiola annua, 11 (2), 15.
Matthiola incana, 11 (2).
MAUCHAMP merino sheep, 3.
MAUDUYT, crossing of wolves and dogs in the Pyrenees, 1.
MAUND, Mr., crossed varieties of wheat,
17.
MAUPERTUIS, axiom of "least action,"
1.
MAURITIUS, importation of goats into,
3.
MAW, G., effects of change of climate,
24;
—correlation of contracted leaves and
flowers in pelargoniums, 25 (2).
MAWZ, fertility of Brassica rapa,
18.
Maxillaria, self-fertilised capsules of, 17.
Maxillaria atro-rubens, fertilisation of, by M.
squalens, 17.
MAXIMOWICZ, direct action of pollen,
11.
MAYERS, on gold-fish in China, 8.
MAYES, M., self-impotence in Amaryllis, 17.
MECKEL, on the number of digits, 12;
—correlation of abnormal muscles in
the leg and arm, 25.
MEDUSÆ, development of, 27 (2).
MEEHAN, Mr., weeping peach, 12;
—effects of parasites, 23;
—comparison of European and American
trees, 23.
Meles taxus, 18.
MELONS, 10 (2);
—mongrel supposed to be produced from
a twin-seed, 11;
—crossing of varieties of, 11, 16, 17;
—inferiority of, in Roman times, 20;
—changes in, by culture and climate,
23;
—serpent, correlation of variations
in, 25;
—analogous variations in, 26.
MEMBRANES, false, 24 (2).
MÉNÉTRIES, on the stomach of Strix grallaria, 24.
MENINGITIS, tubercular, inherited,
14.
MERRICK, potato-grafting, 11.
METAGENESIS, 27.
METAMORPHOSIS, 27.
METAMORPHOSIS and development, 27
(2).
METZGER, on the supposed species of wheat,
9 (2);
—tendency of wheat to vary, 9;
—variation of maize, 9 (2);
—cultivation of American maize in
Europe, 9,
26;
—on cabbages,
9;
—acclimatisation of Spanish wheat in
Germany, 12;
—advantage of change of soil to
plants, 18;
—on rye,
22;
—cultivation of different kinds of
wheat, 22.
MEXICO, dog from, with tan spots on the eyes, 1;
—colours of feral horses in, 2.
MEYEN, on seeding of bananas, 18.
MICE, grey and white, colours of, not blended by crossing, 15;
—rejection of bitter almonds by, 21;
—naked,
23.
MICHAUX, F., roan-coloured feral horses of Mexico, 2;
—origin of domestic turkey, 8;
—on raising peaches from seed, 10.
MICHEL, F., selection of horses in mediæval times, 20;
—horses preferred on account of
slight characters, 20.
MICHELY, effects of food on caterpillars,
23;
—on Bombyx hesperus, 25.
MICROPHTHALMIA, associated with defective teeth, 25.
MIDDENS, Danish, remains of dogs in, 1,
28.
MIGNONETTE, 21,
24.
MILLET, 10.
MILLS, J., diminished fertility of mares when first turned out to
grass, 18.
MILNE-EDWARDS, on the development of the crustacea, 27.
MILNE-EDWARDS, A., on a crustacean with a monstrous eye-peduncle,
27.
Milvus niger, 18.
Mimulus luteus, 17.
MINOR, W. C., gemmation and fission in annelids, 27.
Mirabilis, fertilisation of,
27;
—hybrids of,
17, 18,
22.
Mirabilis jalapa, 11 (2).
Mirabilis longiflora, 15.
Mirabilis vulgaris, 15.
Misocampus and Cecidomyia,
1.
MITCHELL, Dr., effects of the poison of the rattlesnake, 23.
MITFORD, Mr., notice of the breeding of horses by Erichthonius, 20.
MIVART, Mr., rudimentary organs, 24.
MOCCAS Court, weeping oak at, 12.
MOGFORD, horses poisoned by fool's parsley,
25.
MÖLLER, L., effects of food on insects, 23.
MOLE, white, 25.
MOLL and Gayot, on cattle, 3, 15, 20.
MOLLUSCA, change in shells of, 23.
MONKE, Lady, culture of the pansy by,
10.
MONKEYS, rarely fertile in captivity,
18.
MONNIER, identity of summer and winter wheat, 9.
MONSTERS, double, 26 (2).
MONSTROSITIES, occurrence of, in domesticated animals and
cultivated plants, 10, 22;
—due to persistence of embryonic
conditions, 13;
—occurring by reversion, 13;
—a cause of sterility, 18;
—caused by injury to the embryo, 22.
MOOR, J. H., deterioration of the horse in Malasia, 2.
MOORCROFT, Mr., on Hasora wheat, 9;
—selection of white-tailed yaks, 20;
—melon of Kaschmir, 23;
—varieties of the apricot cultivated
in Ladakh, 10;
—varieties of the walnut cultivated
in Kaschmir, 27.
MOORE, Mr., on breeds of pigeons, 5 (2),
6 (3);
—on ground tumblers, 6.
MOORUK, fertility of, in captivity,
18.
MOQUIN-TANDON, original form of maize,
9;
—variety of the double columbine, 10;
—peloric flowers, 13;
—position as a cause of pelorism in
flowers, 26;
—tendency of peloric flowers to
become irregular, 14;
—on monstrosities, 22;
—correlation in the axis and
appendages of plants, 25;
—fusion of homologous parts in
plants, 26;
—on a bean with monstrous stipules
and abortive leaflets, 26;
—conversion of parts of flowers, 27.
MORLOT, dogs of the Danish Middens,
1;
—sheep and horse of the Bronze
period, 28.
Mormodes ignea, 13.
MOROCCO, estimation of pigeons in, 6.
MORREN, grafts of Abutilon, 11;
—on pelorism,
13;
—in Calceolaria, 26;
—non-coincidence of double flowers
and variegated leaves, 18.
MORRIS, Mr., breeding of the kestrel in captivity, 18.
MORSE, Dr., digits of birds, 25.
MORTON, Lord, effect of fecundation by a quagga on an Arab mare,
11.
MORTON, Dr., origin of the dog, 1.
Morus alba, 10.
MOSCOW, rabbits of, 4 (2);
—effects of cold on pear-trees at, 24.
MOSSES, sterility in, 18;
—retrogressive metamorphosis in, 27.
MOSS-ROSE, probable origin of, from Rosa centifolia, 11;
—Provence roses produced from seeds
of, 11.
MOSTO, Cada, on the introduction of rabbits into Porto Santo, 4.
MOT-MOT, mutilation of feathers inherited,
12.
MOTTLING of fruits and flowers, 11.
MOUNTAIN-ASH, 21.
MOUSE, Barbary, 18.
"MÖVEN-TAUBE," 5.
MOWBRAY, Mr., on the eggs of game fowls,
7;
—early pugnacity of game cocks, 7;
—diminished fecundity of the pheasant
in captivity, 18.
MOWBRAY, Mr., reciprocal fecundation of Passiflora alata
and racemosa, 17.
MULATTOS, character of, 13.
MULBERRY, 10,
22.
MULE and hinny, differences in the,
14.
MULES, striped colouring of, 13;
—obstinacy of,
13;
—production of, among the Romans, 16;
—noticed in the Bible, 20.
MÜLLER, FRITZ, reproduction of orchids, 17;
—development of crustacea, 27;
—direct action of pollen, 11;
—self-sterile bignonia, 17.
MÜLLER, H., on the face and teeth in dogs, 1, 3, 26.
MÜLLER, J., tendency to variation,
22;
—atrophy of the optic nerve
consequent on destruction of the eye,
24;
—on gemmation and fission, 27;
—identity of ovules and buds, 27;
—special affinities of the tissues,
27.
MÜLLER, MAX, antiquity of agriculture,
21.
MULTIPLICITY of origin of pigeons, hypotheses of, discussed, 6.
MUNIZ, F., on Niata cattle, 3.
MUNRO, R., on the fertilisation of orchids,
17;
—reproduction of Passiflora
alata, 17;
—self-sterile Passiflora, 17.
"MURASSA" pigeon, 5.
MURIE, Dr., size of hybrids, 17.
MURPHY, J. J., the structure of the eye not producible by
selection, 20.
Mus alexandrinus, 15 (2).
Musa sapientium, chinensis and cavendishii, 11.
Muscari comosum, 19, 24.
MUSCLES, effects of use on, 24.
MUSK duck, feral hybrid of, with the common duck, 6.
MUTILATIONS, inheritance or non-inheritance of, 12, 27 (2).
MYATT, on a five-leaved variety of the strawberry, 10.
MYOPIA, hereditary, 12.
MYRIAPODA, regeneration of lost parts in,
24, 27.
NAILS, growing on stumps of fingers, 27.
NAIS, scission of, 27.
NAMAQUAS, cattle of the, 3, 20.
NARCISSUS, double, becoming single in poor soil, 18.
NARVAEZ, on the cultivation of native plants in Florida, 9.
Nasua, sterility of, in captivity,
18.
"NATAS" or Niatas, a South American breed of cattle, 3.
NATHUSIUS, H. VON, on striped horses,
2;
—on the pigs of the Swiss
lake-dwellings, 3;
—on the races of pigs, 3;
—convergence of character in
highly-bred pigs, 3, 21;
—causes of changes in the form of the
pig's skull, 3 (2);
—changes in breeds of pigs by
crossing, 3;
—change of form in the pig, 23;
—effects of disuse of parts in the
pig, 24;
—period of gestation in the pig, 3;
—appendages to the jaw in pigs, 3;
—on Sus pliciceps, 3;
—period of gestation in sheep, 3;
—on Niata cattle, 3;
—on shorthorn cattle, 17;
—on interbreeding, 17;
—in the sheep,
17;
—in pigs,
17;
—unconscious selection in cattle and
pigs, 20;
—variability of highly-selected
races, 21.
NATO, P., on the Bizzarria orange,
11.
NATURAL selection, its general principles, Intro.
NATURE, sense in which the term is employed, Intro.
NAUDIN, supposed rules of transmission in crossing plants, 14;
—on the nature of hybrids, 13 (2);
—essences of the species in hybrids,
27 (2);
—reversion of hybrids, 13 (3);
—reversion in flowers by stripes and
blotches, 13;
—hybrids of Linaria vulgaris
and purpurea, 15;
—pelorism in Linaria, 13, 14;
—crossing of peloric Linaria
with the normal form, 14;
—variability in Datura, 22;
—hybrids of Datura laevis and
stramonium, 11;
—prepotency of transmission of
Datura stramonium when crossed,
14;
—on the pollen of Mirabilis
and of hybrids, 11;
—fertilisation of Mirabilis,
27;
—cultivated Cucurbitaceæ, 10 (2), 16;
—rudimentary tendrils in gourds, 24;
—dwarf Cucurbitæ, 25;
—relation between the size and number
of the fruit in Cucurbita pepo,
26;
—analogous variation in
Cucurbitæ, 22;
—acclimatisation of
Cucurbitaceæ, 24;
—production of fruit by sterile
hybrid Cucurbitaceæ, 18;
—on the melon,
10, 16,
23;
—incapacity of the cucumber to cross
with other species, 10.
NECTARINE, 10;
—derived from the peach, 10 (2);
—hybrids of,
10;
—persistency of characters in
seedling, 10;
—origin of,
10;
—produced on peach-trees, 10 (2);
—producing peaches, 10;
—variation in,
10 (2);
—bud-variation in, 11;
—glands in the leaves of the, 21;
—analogous variation in, 26.
NECTARY, variations of, in pansies,
10.
NEES, on changes in the odour of plants,
23.
"NEGRO" cat, 1.
NEGROES, polydactylism in, 12;
—selection of cattle practised by, 20.
NEOLITHIC period, domestication of Bos longifrons and
primigenius in the, 3;
—cattle of the, distinct from the
original species, 3;
—domestic goat in the, 3;
—cereals of the, 9.
NERVE, optic, atrophy of the, 24.
NEUBERT, potato-grafting, 11.
NEUMEISTER, on the Dutch and German pouter pigeons, 5;
—on the Jacobin pigeon, 5;
—duplication of the middle flight
feather in pigeons, 5;
—on a peculiarly coloured breed of
pigeons, "Staarhalsige Taube," 5;
—fertility of hybrid pigeons, 6;
—mongrels of the trumpeter pigeon, 14;
—period of perfect plumage in
pigeons, 14;
—advantage of crossing pigeons, 17.
NEURALGIA, hereditary, 14.
NEW ZEALAND, feral cats of, 1;
—cultivated plants of, 9.
NEWFOUNDLAND dog, modification of, in England, 1.
NEWMAN, E., sterility of Sphingidæ under certain conditions,
18.
NEWPORT, G., non-copulation of Vanessæ in confinement,
18;
—fertilisation of the ovule in
batrachia, 27.
NEWT, polydactylism in the, 12.
NEWTON, A., absence of sexual distinctions in the Columbidæ,
5;
—production of a "black-shouldered"
peahen among the ordinary kind, 8;
—on hybrid ducks, 18.
NGAMI, Lake, cattle of, 3.
"NIATA" cattle, 3;
—resemblance of, to
Sivatherium, 3;
—prepotency of transmission of
character by, 14.
"NICARD" rabbit, 4.
NICHOLSON, Dr., on the cats of Antigua,
1;
—on the sheep of Antigua, 3.
Nicotiana, crossing of varieties and species of, 3;
—prepotency of transmission of
characters in species of, 14;
—contabescence of female organs in,
18.
Nicotiana glutinosa, 16.
NIEBUHR, on the heredity of mental characteristics in some Roman
families, 14.
NIGHT-BLINDNESS, non-reversion to,
13.
NILSSON, Prof., on the barking of a young wolf, 1;
—parentage of European breeds of
cattle, 3 (2);
—on Bos frontosus in Scania,
3.
NIND, Mr., on the dingo, 1.
"NISUS formativus," 24 (2), 26.
NITZSCH, on the absence of the oil-gland in certain Columbæ,
5.
NON-INHERITANCE, causes of, 12.
"NONNAIN" pigeon, 5.
NORDMANN, dogs of Awhasie, 1.
NORMANDY, pigs of, with appendages under the jaw, 3.
NORWAY, striped ponies of, 2.
NOTT and Gliddon, on the origin of the dog,
1;
—mastiff represented on an Assyrian
tomb, 1;
—on Egyptian dogs, 1;
—on the Hare Indian dog, 1.
Notylia, 17.
NOURISHMENT, excess of, a cause of variability, 22.
NUMBER, importance of, in selection,
21.
Numida ptilorhyncha, the original of the Guinea-fowl, 8.
NUN pigeon, 5;
—known to Aldrovandi, 6.
NUTMEG-TREE, 21.
OAK, weeping, 10, 12, 21;
—pyramidal,
10;
—Hessian,
10;
—late-leaved,
10;
—valueless as timber at the Cape of
Good Hope, 23;
—changes in, dependent on age, 11;
—galls of the,
23.
OATS, wild, 9;
—in the Swiss lake-dwellings, 9.
OBERLIN, change of soil beneficial to the potato, 18.
ODART, Count, varieties of the vine, 10,
23;
—bud-variation in the vine, 11.
Œcidium, 23.
Œnothera biennis, bud-variation in, 11.
OGLE, Dr. J. W., inherited deficient phalanges, 12;
—resemblance of twins, 22 (2).
OIL-GLAND, absence of, in fantail pigeons,
5 (2).
OLDFIELD, Mr., estimation of European dogs among the natives of
Australia, 20.
OLEANDER, stock affected by grafting in the, 11.
OLLIER, Dr., insertion of the periosteum of a dog beneath the skin
of a rabbit, 27.
Oncidium, reproduction of, 17, 18.
ONIONS, crossing of, 15;
—white, liable to the attacks of
fungi and disease, 21, 25.
Ophrys apifera, self-fertilisation of, 15;
—formation of pollen by a petal in,
27.
Opuntia leucotricha, 23.
ORANGE, 10;
—crossing of,
15;
—with the lemon, 11, 27;
—naturalisation of, in Italy, 24;
—variation of, in North Italy, 22;
—peculiar variety of, 25;
—bizzarria,
11;
—trifacial,
11.
ORCHIDS, reproduction of, 11 (2), 17.
ORFORD, Lord, crossing greyhounds with the bulldog, 1.
ORGANISMS, origin of, Intro.
ORGANISATION, advancement in,
Intro.
ORGANS, rudimentary and aborted, 24;
—multiplication of abnormal, 27.
ORIOLE, assumptions of hen-plumage by a male in confinement, 18.
ORKNEY Islands, pigs of, 3;
—pigeons of,
6.
ORTHOPTERA, regeneration of hind legs in the, 24.
Orthosia munda, 18.
ORTON, R., on the effects of cross-breeding on the female, 11;
—on the Manx cat, 14;
—on mongrels from the silk fowl, 14;
—infertility of geese in Quito, 18.
OSBORNE, Dr., inherited mottling of the iris, 12.
OSPREY, preying on black fowls, 21.
OSTEN-SACKEN, Baron, on American oak-galls,
23.
OSTEOLOGICAL characters of pigs, 3
(4);
—of rabbits,
4;
—of pigeons,
5;
—of ducks,
8.
OSTRICH, diminished fertility of the, in captivity, 18.
OSTYAKS, selection of dogs by the,
20.
OTTER, 18.
"OTTER" sheep of Massachusetts, 3.
OUDE, feral humped cattle in, 3.
OUISTITI, breed in Europe, 18.
OVARY, variation of, in Cucurbita moschata, 10;
—development of, independently of
pollen, 11.
Ovis montana, 3.
OVULES and buds, identity of nature of,
27.
OWEN, Capt., on stiff-haired cats at Mombas,
1.
OWEN, Prof. R., palæontological evidence as to the origin of
dogs, 1;
—on the skull of the "Niata" cattle,
3;
—on fossil remains of rabbits, 3;
—on the significance of the brain, 4;
—on metagenesis, 27;
—theory of reproduction and
parthenogenesis, 27.
OWL, eagle, breeding in captivity,
18.
OWL pigeon, 5;
—African, figured, 5;
—known in 1735,
6.
Oxalis, trimorphic species of,
27.
Oxalis rosea, 17.
OXLEY, Mr., on the nutmeg-tree, 21.
OYSTERS, differences in the shells of,
23.
PACA, sterility of the, in confinement, 4.
PACIFIC Islands, pigs of the, 3.
PADUA, earliest known flower-garden at,
20.
PADUAN fowl of Aldrovandi, 7.
Pæonia moutan, 20.
PÆONY-TREE, ancient cultivation of, in China, 20.
PAGET, on the Hungarian sheep-dog, 1.
PAGET, Sir J., inheritance of cancer,
12;
—hereditary elongation of hairs in
the eyebrow, 12;
—regrowth of extra digits, 12;
—circumcision,
12;
—period of inheritance of cancer, 14;
—on Hydra, 24;
—on the healing of wounds, 24;
—on the reparation of bones, 24;
—growth of hair near inflamed
surfaces or fractures, 24;
—on false membranes, 24;
—compensatory development of the
kidney, 24;
—bronzed skin in disease of
supra-renal capsules, 25;
—unity of growth and gemmation, 27;
—independence of the elements of the
body, 27;
—affinity of the tissues for special
organic substances, 27.
PALLAS, on the influence of domestication upon the sterility of
intercrossed species, 1, 4, 6, 16;
—hypothesis that variability is
wholly due to crossing, 4, 8, 22 (2);
—on the origin of the dog, 1;
—variation in dogs, 1;
—crossing of dog and jackal, 1;
—origin of domestic cats, 2;
—origin of Angora cat, 1;
—on wild horses, 2 (2);
—on Persian sheep, 3;
—on Siberian fat-tailed sheep, 23;
—on Chinese sheep, 24;
—on Crimean varieties of the vine, 10;
—on a grape with rudimentary seeds,
24;
—on feral musk-ducks, 13;
—sterility of Alpine plants in
gardens, 18;
—selection of white-tailed yaks, 20.
PAMPAS, feral cattle on the, 3.
Pandanus, 22.
PANGENESIS, hypothesis of, 27.
Panicum, seeds of, used as food,
9;
—found in the Swiss lake-dwellings,
9.
PANSY, 10.
PAPPUS, abortion of the, in Carthamus, 24.
Paradoxurus, sterility of species of, in captivity, 18.
PARAGUAY, cats of, 1;
—cattle of,
3;
—horses of,
3;
—dogs of,
3;
—black-skinned domestic fowl of, 7.
PARALLEL variation, 26.
PARAMOS, woolly pigs of, 3.
PARASITES, liability to attacks of, dependent on colour, 21.
PARIAH dog, with crooked legs, 1;
—resembling the Indian wolf, 1.
PARISET, inheritance of handwriting,
13.
Paritium tricuspis, bud-variation,
11.
PARKER, W. K., number of vertebræ in fowls, 7.
PARKINSON, Mr., varieties of the hyacinth,
10.
PARKYNS, MANSFIELD, on Columba guinea, 6.
PARMENTIER, differences in the nidification of pigeons, 5;
—on white pigeons, 21.
PARROTS, general sterility of, in confinement, 18;
—alteration of plumage of, 23.
PARSNIP, reversion in, 13;
—influence of selection on, 20;
—experiments on, 23;
—wild, enlargement of roots of, by
cultivation, 9.
PARTHENOGENESIS, 27 (2).
PARTRIDGE, sterility of, in captivity,
18.
PARTURITION, difficult, hereditary,
12.
Parus major, 21.
Passiflora, self-impotence in species of, 17 (2);
—contabescence of female organs in,
18.
Passiflora alata, fertility of, when grafted, 19.
PASTRANA, Julia, peculiarities in the hair and teeth of, 25.
PASTURE and climate, adaptation of breeds of sheep to, 3 (2).
PATAGONIA, crania of pigs from, 3.
PATAGONIAN rabbit, 4.
PATERSON, R., on the Arrindy silk-moth,
24.
PAUL, W., on the hyacinth, 10 (2);
—varieties of pelargoniums, 11;
—weakness of transmission in
hollyhocks, 14;
—improvement of pelargoniums, 20.
Pavo cristatus and muticus, hybrids of, 8.
Pavo nigripennis, 8.
"PAVODOTTEN-TAUBE," 5.
PEACH, 10;
—derived from the almond, 10;
—stones of, figured, 10;
—contrasted with almonds, 10;
—double-flowering, 10 (3);
—hybrids of,
10;
—persistency of races of, 10;
—trees producing nectarines, 10;
—variation in,
10 (2);
—bud-variation in, 11;
—pendulous,
12;
—variation by selection in, 20;
—peculiar disease of the, 21;
—glands on the leaves of the, 21;
—antiquity of the, 24;
—increased hardiness of the, 24;
—varieties of, adapted for forcing,
24;
—yellow-fleshed, liable to certain
diseases, 25.
PEACH-ALMOND, 27.
PEAFOWL, origin of, 8;
—japanned or black-shouldered, 8;
—feral, in Jamaica, 6;
—comparative fertility of, in wild
and tame states, 16, 22;
—white,
25.
PEARS, 10;
—bud-variation in, 11;
—reversion in seedling, 13;
—inferiority of, in Pliny's time, 20;
—winter nelis, attacked by aphides,
21;
—soft-barked varieties of, attacked
by wood-boring beetles, 21;
—origination of good varieties of, in
woods, 22;
—Forelle, resistance of, to frost, 24.
PEAS, 9;
—origin of,
9;
—varieties of,
9;
—found in Swiss lake-dwellings, 9 (3);
—fruit and seeds figured, 9;
—persistency of varieties, 9;
—intercrossing of varieties, 9, 11;
—effect of crossing on the female
organs in, 11;
—double-flowered, 18;
—maturity of, accelerated by
selection, 20;
—varieties of, produced by selection,
20;
—thin-shelled, liable to the attacks
of birds, 21;
—reversion of, by the terminal seed
in the pod, 26.
PECCARY, breeding of the, in captivity,
18.
PEDIGREES of horses, cattle, greyhounds, game-cocks, and pigs, 12.
PEGU, cats of, 1;
—horses of,
2.
PELARGONIUMS, multiple origin of,
10;
—zones of,
10;
—bud-variation in, 11;
—variegation in, accompanied by
dwarfing, 11;
—pelorism in,
18, 26;
—by reversion,
13;
—advantage of change of soil to, 18;
—improvement of, by selection, 20;
—scorching of,
21;
—numbers of, raised from seed, 21;
—effects of conditions of life on, 23;
—stove-variety of, 24;
—correlation of contracted leaves and
flowers in, 25 (2).
Pelargonium fulgidum, conditions of fertility in, 18.
"PELONES," a Columbian breed of cattle,
3, 6.
PELORIC flowers, tendency of, to acquire the normal form, 14;
—fertility or sterility of, 18 (2).
PELORIC races of Gloxinia speciosa and Antirrhinum
majus, 10.
PELORISM, 13,
26 (2).
PELVIS, characters of, in rabbits, 4;
—in pigeons,
5;
—in fowls,
7;
—in ducks,
8.
PEMBROKE cattle, 3.
PENDULOUS trees, 10, 26;
—uncertainty of transmission of, 12 (2).
PENGUIN ducks, 8 (2);
—hybrid of the, with the Egyptian
goose, 8.
PENNANT, production of wolf-like curs at Fochabers, 1;
—on the Duke of Queensberry's wild
cattle, 3.
Pennisetum, seeds of, used as food in the Punjab, 9.
Pennisetum distichum, seeds of, used as food in Central
Africa, 9.
PERCIVAL, Mr., on inheritance in horses,
12;
—on horn-like processes in horses, 2.
Perdix rubra, occasional fertility of, in captivity, 18.
PERIOD of action of causes of variability,
22.
PERIOSTEUM of a dog, producing bone in a rabbit, 27.
PERIWINKLE, sterility of, in England,
19.
PERSIA, estimation of pigeons in, 6;
—carrier pigeon of, 5;
—tumbler pigeon of, 5;
—cats of,
1;
—sheep of,
3.
PERSISTENCE of colour in horses, 2;
—of generic peculiarities, 4.
PERU, antiquity of maize in, 9;
—peculiar potato from, 9;
—selection of wild animals practised
by the Incas of, 20 (2).
"PERUCKEN-TAUBE," 5.
PETALS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants,
24;
—producing pollen, 27.
PETUNIAS, multiple origin of, 10.
PEYRITSCH, Dr., vegetable teratology,
13.
"PFAUEN-TAUBE," 5.
Phalænopsis, pelorism in,
26.
PHALANGES, deficiency of, 14.
Phaps chalcoptera, 26.
Phaseolus multiflorus, 24, 25.
Phaseolus vulgaris, 9, 24.
Phasianus pictus, 7.
Phasianus amherstiæ, 7.
PHEASANT, assumption of male plumage by the hen, 13;
—wildness of hybrids of, with the
common fowl, 13;
—prepotency of the, over the fowl, 14;
—diminished fecundity of the, in
captivity, 18.
PHEASANTS, golden and Lady Amherst's,
7.
PHEASANT-FOWLS, 7.
PHILIPEAUX, regeneration of limbs in the salamander, 27.
PHILIPPAR, on the varieties of wheat,
9.
PHILIPPINE Islands, named breeds of game fowl in the, 7.
PHILLIPS, Mr., on bud-variation in the potato, 11.
Phlox, bud-variation by suckers in,
11.
PHTHISIS, affection of the fingers in,
25.
PHYLLOXERA, 10.
PICKERING, Dr., on the grunting voice of humped cattle, 3;
—occurrence of the head of a fowl in
an ancient Egyptian procession, 7;
—seeding of ordinarily seedless
fruits, 18;
—extinction of ancient Egyptian
breeds of sheep and oxen, 28;
—on an ancient Peruvian gourd, 28.
PICOTEES, effect of conditions of life on,
23.
PICTET, A., oriental names of the pigeon,
6.
PICTET, Prof., origin of the dog, 1;
—on fossil oxen, 3.
PIEBALDS, probably due to reversion,
13.
PIÉTREMENT, M., on the ribs of horses,
2.
PIGEAUX, hybrids of the hare and rabbit,
18.
PIGEON à cravate, 5.
PIGEON bagadais, 5 (2).
PIGEON coquille, 5.
PIGEON cygne, 5.
PIGEON heurté, 5.
PIGEON pattu plongeur, 5.
PIGEON polonais, 5.
PIGEON romain, 5 (2).
PIGEON tambour, 5.
PIGEON turc, 5.
PIGEONS, origin of, 5 (2), 6;
—classified table of breeds of, 5;
—pouter,
5;
—carrier,
5;
—runt,
5;
—barbs,
5;
—fantail,
5;
—turbit and owl, 5;
—tumbler,
5;
—Indian frill-back, 5;
—Jacobin,
5;
—trumpeter,
5;
—other breeds of, 5;
—differences of, equal to generic, 5;
—individual variations of, 5;
—variability of peculiarities
characteristic of breeds in, 5;
—sexual variability in, 5 (2);
—osteology of,
5;
—correlation of growth in, 5, 25;
—young of some varieties naked when
hatched, 5,
25;
—effects of disuse in, 5;
—settling and roosting in trees, 6;
—floating in the Nile to drink, 6;
—dovecot, 6
(2);
—arguments for unity of origin of, 6;
—feral, in various places, 6, 13;
—unity of coloration in, 6;
—reversion of mongrel, to coloration
of C. livia, 6;
—history of the cultivation of, 6;
—history of the principal races of,
6;
—mode of production of races of, 6;
—reversion in,
13;
—by age,
13;
—produced by crossing in, 13 (2);
—prepotency of transmission of
characters in breeds of, 14 (2);
—sexual differences in some varieties
of, 14;
—period of perfect plumage in, 14;
—effect of segregation on, 15;
—preferent pairing of, within the
same breed, 16;
—fertility of, increased by
domestication, 16,
18;
—effects of interbreeding and
necessity of crossing, 17;
—indifference of, to change of
climate, 18;
—selection of,
16, 20 (2);
—among the Romans, 20;
—unconscious selection of, 20 (2);
—facility of selection of, 21;
—white, liable to the attacks of
hawks, 21;
—effects of disuse of parts in, 24;
—fed upon meat, 24;
—effect of first male upon the
subsequent progeny of the female, 11;
—homology of the leg and wing
feathers in, 25;
—union of two outer toes in
feather-legged, 25;
—correlation of beak, limbs, tongue,
and nostrils, 25;
—analogous variation in, 26 (2);
—permanence of breeds of, 28.
PIGS, of Swiss lake-dwellings, 3;
—types of, derived from Sus
scrofa and Sus indicus, 3;
—Japanese (Sus pliciceps,
Gray), figured, 3;
—of Pacific Islands, 3, 15;
—modifications of skull in, 3;
—length of intestines in, 3, 24;
—period of gestation of, 3;
—number of vertebræ and ribs in,
3;
—anomalous forms, 3 (2);
—development of tusks and bristles
in, 3;
—striped young of, 3;
—reversion of feral, to wild type, 3 (2), 13 (2);
—production and changes of breeds of,
by intercrossing, 3;
—effects produced by the first male
upon the subsequent progeny of the female,
11;
—pedigrees of,
12;
—polydactylism in, 12;
—cross-reversion in, 13;
—hybrid, wildness of, 13;
—disappearance of tusks in male under
domestication, 14;
—solid-hoofed,
28;
—crosses of,
15 (2);
—mutual fertility of all varieties
of, 16;
—increased fertility by
domestication, 16;
—ill effects of close interbreeding
in, 17 (2);
—influence of selection on, 20;
—prejudice against certain colours
in, 20, 21, 25;
—unconscious selection of, 20;
—black Virginian, 21, 25;
—similarity of the best breeds of, 21;
—change of form in, 23;
—effects of disuse of parts in, 24;
—ears of,
24;
—correlations in, 25;
—white buck-wheat injurious to, 25;
—tail of, grafted upon the back, 27;
—extinction of the older races of, 28.
PIMENTA, 15.
PIMPERNEL, 19.
PINE-APPLE, sterility and variability of the, 22.
PINK, Chinese, 25.
PINKS, bud-variation in, 11;
—improvement of, 20.
Pinus pumilio, mughus, and nana, varieties of P.
sylvestris, 10.
Pinus sylvestris, 10, 24;
—hybrids of, with P.
nigricans, 17.
PIORRY, on hereditary disease, 12, 14.
Pistacia lentiscus, 23.
Pistacia vera, 11.
PISTILS, rudimentary, in cultivated plants,
24.
PISTOR, sterility of some mongrel pigeons,
6;
—fertility of pigeons, 16.
Pisum arvense and sativum,
9.
PITYRIASIS versicolor, inheritance of,
14.
PLANCHON, G., on a fossil vine, 10;
—sterility of Jussiæa
grandiflora in France, 18.
PLANE-TREE, variety of the, 10.
PLANTIGRADE carnivora, general sterility of the, in captivity, 18.
PLANTS, progress of cultivation of, 9
(2);
—cultivated, their geographical
derivation, 9;
—crossing of,
15, 17;
—comparative fertility of wild and
cultivated, 16;
—self-impotent, 17;
—dimorphic and trimorphic, 17;
—sterility of, from changed
conditions, 18;
—from contabescence of anthers, 18 (2);
—from monstrosities, 9 (2);
—from doubling of the flowers, 18 (2);
—from seedless fruit, 18;
—from excessive development of
vegetative organs, 18;
—influence of selection on, 20;
—variation by selection, in useful
parts of, 20;
—variability of, 21;
—variability of, induced by crossing,
22;
—direct action of change of climate
on, 23;
—change of period of vegetation in,
24;
—varieties of, suitable to different
climates, 24;
—correlated variability of, 25;
—antiquity of races of, 28.
PLASTICITY, inheritance of, 21.
PLATEAU, F., on the vision of amphibious animals, 20.
Platessa flesus, , 13.
PLATO, notice of selection in breeding dogs by, 20.
PLICA polonica, 23.
PLINY, on the crossing of shepherd dogs with the wolf, 1;
—on Pyrrhus' breed of cattle, 20;
—on the estimation of pigeons among
the Romans, 6;
—pears described by, 20.
PLUM, 10;
—stones figured, 10;
—varieties of the, 10 (2), 20;
—bud-variation in the, 11;
—peculiar disease of the, 21;
—flower-buds of, destroyed by
bullfinches, 21;
—purple-fruited, liable to certain
diseases, 25.
PLUMAGE, inherited peculiarities of, in pigeons, 5 (2);
—sexual peculiarities of, in fowls,
7.
PLURALITY of races, Pouchet's views on,
1.
Poa, seeds of, used as food,
9;
—species of, propagated by bulblets,
18.
PODOLIAN cattle, 3.
POINTERS, modification of, 1;
—crossed with the foxhound, 3.
POIS sans parchemin, 21.
POITEAU, origin of Cytisus adami,
11;
—origin of cultivated varieties of
fruit-trees, 22.
POLISH fowl, 7 (6);
—skull figured,
7;
—section of skull figured, 7;
—development of protuberance of
skull, 7;
—furculum figured, 7.
POLISH, or Himalayan rabbit, 4.
POLLEN, 27 (2);
—action of,
16;
—injurious action of, in some
orchids, 17 (2);
—resistance of, to injurious
treatment, 18;
—prepotency of, 19.
POLLOCK, Sir F., transmission of variegated leaves in Ballota
nigra, 11;
—on local tendency to variegation, 23.
POLYANTHUS, 12.
POLYDACTYLISM, inheritance of, 12;
—significance of, 12.
PONIES, most frequent on islands and mountains, 2;
—Javanese,
2.
POOLE, Col., on striped Indian horses, 2
(2);
—on the young of Asinus
indicus, 13.
POPLAR, Lombardy, 10.
PÖPPIG, on Cuban wild dogs, 1.
POPPY, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings,
9 (2);
—with the stamens converted into
pistils, 10;
—differences of the, in different
parts of India, 18;
—monstrous, fertility of, 18;
—black-seeded, antiquity of, 28.
PORCUPINE, breeding of, in captivity,
18.
PORCUPINE family, 12, 14.
Porphyrio, breeding of a species of, in captivity, 18.
PORTAL, on a peculiar hereditary affection of the eye, 12.
PORTO Santo, feral rabbits of, 4.
Portulaca oleracea, 23.
Potamochoerus penicillatus,
18.
POTATO, 9 (2);
—bud-variation by tubers in the, 11 (2);
—graft-hybrid of, by union of
half-tubers, 11;
—individual self-impotence in the, 17;
—sterility of,
18;
—advantage of change of soil to the,
18.
POTATO, sweet, sterility of the, in China,
18;
—varieties of the, suited to
different climates, 24.
POUCHET, M., his views on plurality of races, 1.
POUTER pigeons, 5;
—furculum figured, 5;
—history of,
6.
POWIS, Lord, experiments in crossing humped and English cattle, 3, 13.
POYNTER, Mr., on a graft-hybrid rose,
11.
PRAIRIE wolf, 1.
PRECOCITY of highly-improved breeds,
25.
PREPOTENCY of pollen, 19.
PREPOTENCY of transmission of character,
14, 19;
—in the Austrian emperors and some
Roman families, 14;
—in cattle,
14 (2);
—in sheep,
14;
—in cats,
14;
—in pigeons,
14;
—in fowls,
14;
—in plants,
14;
—in a variety of the pumpkin, 10;
—in the jackal over the dog, 14;
—in the ass over the horse, 14;
—in the pheasant over the fowl, 14;
—in the penguin duck over the
Egyptian goose, 14;
—discussion of the phenomena of, 14.
PRESCOTT, Mr., on the earliest known European flower-garden, 20.
PRESSURE, mechanical, a cause of modification, 26 (2).
PREVOST and Dumas, on the employment of several spermatozoids to
fertilise one ovule, 27.
PREYER, Prof., on the effect of circumcision, 12.
PRICE, Mr., variations in the structure of the feet in horses, 2.
PRICHARD, Dr., on polydactylism in the negro, 12;
—on the Lambert family, 14;
—on an albino negro, 21;
—on Plica polonica, 23.
PRIMROSE, 28;
—double, rendered single by
transplantation, 18.
Primula, intercrossing of species of, 10;
—contabescence in, 18;
—'hose in hose,' 10;
—with coloured calyces, sterility of,
18.
Primula sinensis, variations,
10;
—reciprocally dimorphic, 17.
Primula veris, 12, 16.
Primula vulgaris, 12, 16.
PRINCE, Mr., on the intercrossing of strawberries, 27.
PRINGSHEIM, on conjugation, 27.
Procyon, sterility of, in captivity,
18.
PROLIFICNESS, increased by domestication,
19.
PROTOZOA, reproduction of the, 27.
Prunus armeniaca, 10 (2).
Prunus avium, 10.
Prunus cerasus, 10 (2).
Prunus domestica, 10.
Prunus insititia, 10.
Prunus spinosa, 10.
PRUSSIA, wild horses in, 2.
Psittacus erithacus, 18.
Psittacus macoa, 18.
Psophia, general sterility of, in captivity, 18.
PTARMIGAN fowls, 7.
Pulex penetrans, 23.
PUMPKINS, 10.
PUNO ponies of the Cordillera, 2.
PUSEY, Mr., value of crossbred sheep,
17;
—preference of hares and rabbits for
common rye, 21.
PUTSCHE and Vertuch, varieties of the potato, 9.
PUVIS, effects of foreign pollen on apples,
11;
—supposed non-variability of
monotypic genera, 22.
Pyrrhula vulgaris, 21;
—assumption of the hen-plumage by the
male, in confinement, 18.
PYRRHUS, his breed of cattle, 20.
Pyrus, fastigiate Chinese species of, 23.
Pyrus acerba, 10.
Pyrus aucuparia, 21.
Pyrus communis, 10, 11.
Pyrus malus, 10, 11.
Pyrus paradisiaca, 10.
Pyrus præcox, 10.
QUAGGA, previous impregnation by, 11.
QUATREFAGES, A. DE, on the burrowing of a bitch to litter, 1;
—selection in the silkworm, 8;
—development of the wings in the
silk-moth, 8,
24;
—on varieties of the mulberry, 10;
—special raising of eggs of the
silk-moth, 20;
—on disease of the silkworm, 21;
—on monstrosities in insects, 22, 27;
—on a change in the breeding season
of the Egyptian goose, 24;
—fertilisation of the Teredo,
27;
—tendency to similarity in the best
races, 21;
—on his "tourbillon vital," 13;
—on the independent existence of the
sexual elements, 27.
Quercus cerris, 10.
Quercus robur and pedunculata, hybrids of, 17.
QUINCE, pears grafted on the, 22.
RABBITS, domestic, their origin, 4;
—of Mount Sinai and Algeria, 4;
—breeds of,
4;
—Himalayan, Chinese, Polish, or
Russian, 4,
15;
—feral,
4;
—of Jamaica,
4;
—of the Falkland Islands, 4;
—of Porto Santo, 4, 16, 23;
—osteological characters of, 4;
—discussion of modifications in, 4, 5;
—one-eared, transmission of
peculiarity of, 12;
—reversion in feral, 13;
—in the Himalayan, 13;
—crossing of white and coloured
Angora, 15;
—comparative fertility of wild and
tame, 16;
—falsified experiments in
interbreeding of, 17;
—high-bred, often bad breeders, 17;
—selection of,
20;
—white, liable to destruction, 21;
—effects of disuse of parts in, 24;
—skull of, affected by drooping ears,
24;
—length of intestines in, 24;
—correlation of ears and skull in, 25 (2);
—variations in skull of, 26;
—periosteum of a dog producing bone
in, 27.
RACEHORSE, origin of, 2.
RACES, modification and formation of, by crossing, 3;
—natural and artificial, 21;
—Pouchet's views on plurality of, Intro;
—of pigeons,
6.
RADCLYFFE, W. F., effect of climate and soil on strawberries, 10;
—constitutional differences in roses,
10.
RADISHES, 9;
—crossing of,
15;
—varieties of,
21.
RADLKOFER, retrogressive metamorphosis in mosses and algæ, 27.
RAFARIN, M., bud-variation and reversion,
11.
RAFFLES, Sir STAMFORD, on the crossing of Javanese cattle with
Bos sondaicus, 20.
RAM, goat-like, from the Cape of Good Hope,
14.
RAMU, M., on appendages to throat of goat,
3.
RANCHIN, heredity of diseases, 12.
RANGE of gallinaceous birds on the Himalaya,
7.
RANKE, on the effects of use and disuse of organs, 24.
Ranunculus ficaria, 18.
Ranunculus repens, 18.
RAPE, 9.
Raphanus caudatus, 9.
Raphanus raphanistrum, 9.
Raphanus sativus, 26.
RASPBERRY, yellow-fruited, 21.
RATTLESNAKE, experiments with poison of the, 23.
RAVEN, stomach of, affected by vegetable diet, 24.
RAWSON, A., self-impotence in hybrids of Gladiolus, 17 (2).
RÉ, COMTE, on the assumption of a yellow colour by all
varieties of maize, 9.
RÉAUMUR, effect of confinement upon the cock, 13;
—fertility of fowls in most climates,
18.
REED, Mr., atrophy of the limbs of rabbits, consequent on the
destruction of their nerves, 24.
REGENERATION of amputated parts in man,
12;
—in the human embryo, 27;
—in the lower vertebrata, insects,
and myriapoda, 27.
RE-GROWTH of amputated joints, 27.
REGNIER, early cultivation of the cabbage by the Celts, 9;
—selection practised by the Celts, 20.
REINDEER, individuals recognised by the Laplanders, 22.
REISSEK, experiments in crossing Cytisus purpureus and
laburnum, 11;
—modification of a Thesium by
Œcidium, 23.
RELATIONS, characters of reproduced in children, 13.
RENGGER, occurrence of jaguars with crooked legs in Paraguay, 1;
—naked dogs of Paraguay, 1 (2), 15, 16;
—feral dogs of La Plata, 1;
—on the aguara,
1;
—cats of Paraguay, 1, 15, 18;
—dogs of Paraguay, 15;
—feral pigs of Buenos Ayres, 3;
—on the refusal of wild animals to
breed in captivity, 18;
—on Dicotyles labiatus, 18;
—sterility of plantigrade carnivora
in captivity, 18;
—on Cavia aperea, 18;
—sterility of Cebus azarae in
captivity, 18;
—abortions produced by wild animals
in captivity, 18.
REPRODUCTION, sexual and asexual, contrasted, 27;
—unity of forms of, 27;
—antagonism of, to growth, 27.
Reseda odorata, self-sterility of,
17, 21.
RETINITIS, pigmentary, in deaf-mutes,
25.
REUTER, Herr, potato-grafting, 11.
REVERSION, 13 (2), 27 (4);
—in pigeons,
13;
—in cattle,
13;
—in sheep,
13;
—in fowls,
13;
—in the heartsease, 13;
—in vegetables, 13;
—in feral animals and plants, 13;
—to characters derived from a
previous cross in man, dogs, pigeons, pigs, and fowls, 13;
—in hybrids,
13;
—by bud-propagation in plants, 13;
—by age in fowls, cattle, etc., 13 (2);
—partial, from an injury, 13;
—caused by crossing, 13;
—explained by latent characters, 13;
—producing monstrosities, 13;
—producing peloric flowers, 13;
—of feral pigs to the wild type, 3 (2);
—of supposed feral rabbits to the
wild type, 4 (3);
—of pigeons, in coloration, when
crossed, 6;
—in fowls,
7;
—in the silkworm, 8;
—in the pansy,
10;
—in a pelargonium, 11;
—in Chrysanthemums, 11;
—of varieties of the China rose in
St. Domingo, 11;
—by buds in pinks and carnations, 11;
—of laciniated varieties of trees to
the normal form, 11;
—in variegated leaves of plants, 11;
—in tulips,
11;
—of suckers of the seedless barberry
to the common form, 11;
—by buds in hybrids of
Tropæolum, 11;
—in plants,
11;
—of crossed peloric snapdragons, 14;
—analogous variations due to, 26.
RHINOCEROS, breeding in captivity in India,
18.
Rhododendron, hybrid, 22.
Rhododendron ciliatum, 23.
Rhododendron dalhousiæ, effect of pollen of R.
nuttallii upon, 11.
Ribes grossularia, 10 (2).
Ribes rubrum, 11.
RIBS, number and characters of, in fowls,
7;
—characters of, in ducks, 8 (2).
RICE, imperial, of China, 20;
—Indian varieties of, 22;
—variety of, not requiring water, 24.
RICHARDSON, H. D., on jaw-appendages in Irish pigs, 3;
—management of pigs in China, 3;
—occurrence of striped young in
Westphalian pigs, 3;
—on crossing pigs, 15;
—on interbreeding pigs, 17;
—on selection in pigs, 20.
RICHARDSON, Sir John, observations on the resemblance between
North American dogs and wolves, 1 (2);
—on the burrowing of wolves, 1;
—on the broad feet of dogs, wolves,
and foxes in North America, 1;
—on North American horses scraping
away the snow, 2.
Ricinus, annual in England,
24.
RIEDEL, Dr., on the "Bagadotte" pigeon,
5;
—on the Jacobin pigeon, 5;
—fertility of hybrid pigeons, 6;
—circumcision,
12.
RILEY, on Phylloxera, 10.
RINDERPEST, 27.
RINTOUL, Mr., potato-grafting, 11.
RISSO, on varieties of the orange, 10,
24, 25.
RIVERS, Lord, on the selection of greyhounds, 21.
RIVERS, Mr., persistency of characters in seedling potatoes, 9;
—on the peach,
10 (2);
—persistency of races in the peach
and nectarine, 10 (2);
—connection between the peach and the
nectarine, 10;
—persistency of character in seedling
apricots, 10;
—origin of the plum, 10;
—seedling varieties of the plum, 10;
—persistency of character in seedling
plums, 10;
—bud-variation in the plum, 11;
—plum attacked by bullfinches, 21;
—seedling apples with surface-roots,
10;
—variety of the apple found in a
wood, 22;
—on roses,
10 (2);
—bud-variation in roses, 11;
—production of Provence roses from
seeds of the moss-rose, 11;
—effect produced by grafting on the
stock in jessamine, 11;
—in the ash,
11;
—on grafted hazels, 11;
—hybridisation of a weeping thorn, 12;
—experiments with the seed of the
weeping elm and ash, 12;
—variety of the cherry with curled
petals, 21.
RIVIÈRE, reproduction of Oncidium cavendishianum, 17.
ROBERTS, Mr., on inheritance in the horse,
12.
ROBERTSON, Mr., on glandular-leaved peaches, 10.
ROBINET, on the silkworm, 8, 20.
Robinia, 23.
ROBSON, Mr., deficiencies of half-bred horses, 12.
ROBSON, Mr., on the advantage of change of soil to plants, 18 (2);
—on the growth of the verbena, 23;
—on broccoli,
24.
ROCK pigeon, measurements of the, 5;
—figured,
5.
RODENTS, sterility of, in captivity,
18.
Rodriguezia, 17 (2).
RODWELL, J., poisoning of horses by mildewed tares, 25.
ROHILCUND, feral humped cattle in, 3.
ROLLE, F., on the history of the peach,
24.
ROLLER-PIGEONS, Dutch, 5.
ROLLESTON, Prof., inherited effects of injuries, 12;
—incisor teeth affected in form in
cases of pulmonary tubercle, 25.
ROMANES on sternum of the fowl, 7;
—rudimentary organs, 24.
ROMANS, estimation of pigeons by, 6;
—breeds of fowls possessed by, 7 (2).
ROOKS, pied, 14.
Rosa, cultivated species of,
10.
Rosa devoniensis, graft-hybrid produced by, on the white
Banksian rose, 11.
Rosa indica and centifolia, fertile hybrids of, 10.
Rosa spinosissima, history of the culture of, 10.
ROSELLINI, on Egyptian dogs, 1.
ROSES, 10 (2);
—origin of,
10;
—bud-variation in, 11;
—Scotch, doubled by selection, 20;
—continuous variation of, 21;
—effect of seasonal conditions on, 23;
—noisette,
20;
—galls of,
23.
ROSS, Dr., on Pangenesis, 27 (2).
ROUENNAIS, rabbit, 4.
ROUJOU, polydactylism, and arrested development, 12.
ROULIN, on the dogs of Juan Fernandez,
1;
—on South American cats, 1;
—striped young pigs, 3;
—feral pigs in South America, 3, 13;
—on Columbian cattle, 3, 20, 21;
—effects of heat on the hides of
cattle in South America, 3;
—fleece of sheep in the hot valleys
of the Cordilleras, 3;
—diminished fertility of these sheep,
18;
—on black-boned South American fowls,
7;
—variation of the guinea-fowl in
tropical America, 8;
—frequency of striped legs in mules,
13;
—geese in Bogota, 18;
—sterility of fowls introduced into
Bolivia, 18.
ROY, M., on a variety of Magnolia grandiflora, 24.
ROYLE, Dr., Indian varieties of the mulberry, 10;
—on Agave vivipara, 18;
—variety of rice not requiring
irrigation, 24;
—sheep from the Cape in India, 24.
Rubus, pollen of, 22.
RUDIMENTARY organs, 1, 24.
RUFZ DE LAVISON, extinction of breeds of dogs in France, 28.
RUMINANTS, general fertility of, in captivity, 18.
RUMPLESS fowls, 7.
RUNTS, 5;
—history of,
6;
—lower jaws and skull figured, 5.
RUSSELL, Lord A., spiegelcarpe, 21.
RUSSIAN or Himalayan rabbit, 4.
RUTIMEYER, Prof., dogs of the Neolithic period, 1;
—horses of Swiss lake-dwellings, 2;
—diversity of early domesticated
horses, 2;
—pigs of the Swiss lake-dwellings, 3 (2);
—on humped cattle, 3;
—parentage of European breeds of
cattle, 3,
28;
—on "Niata" cattle, 3;
—sheep of the Swiss lake-dwellings,
3, 28;
—goats of the Swiss lake-dwellings,
3;
—absence of fowls in the Swiss
lake-dwellings, 7;
—on crossing cattle, 15;
—differences in the bones of wild and
domesticated animals, 23;
—decrease in size of wild European
animals, 28.
RYE, wild, De Candolle's observations on,
9;
—found in the Swiss lake-dwellings,
9;
—common, preferred by hares and
rabbits, 21;
—less variable than other cultivated
plants, 22.
SABINE, Mr., on the cultivation of Rosa
spinosissima, 10;
—on the cultivation of the dahlia, 10 (2), 22;
—effect of foreign pollen on the
seed-vessel in Amaryllis vittata,
11.
ST. ANGE, influence of the pelvis on the shape of the kidneys in
birds, 26.
ST. DOMINGO, wild dogs of, 1;
—bud-variation of dahlias in, 11.
ST. HILAIRE, AUG., milk furnished by cows in South America, 24;
—husked form of maize, 9.
ST. JOHN, C., feral cats in Scotland,
1;
—taming of wild ducks, 8.
ST. VALÉRY apple, singular structure of the, 10;
—artificial fecundation of the, 11.
ST. VITUS' Dance, period of appearance of,
14.
SACHS, Prof., flow of sap, 24.
SAGERET, origin and varieties of the cherry, 10 (2);
—origin of varieties of the apple, 10;
—incapacity of the cucumber for
crossing with other species, 10;
—varieties of the melon, 10;
—supposed twin-mongrel melon, 11;
—crossing melons, 16, 17;
—on gourds,
16;
—effects of selection in enlarging
fruit, 20;
—on the tendency to depart from type,
21;
—variation of plants in particular
soils, 23.
SALAMANDER, experiments on the, 24, 27 (2);
—regeneration of lost parts in the,
27.
Salamandra cristata, polydactylism in, 12.
SALISBURY, Mr., on the production of nectarines by peach-trees, 10;
—on the dahlia, 10 (2).
Salix, intercrossing of species of,
10.
Salix humilis, galls of, 23
(2).
SALLÉ, feral guinea-fowl in St. Domingo, 8.
SALMON, early breeding of male, 27.
SALTER, Mr., on bud-variation in pelargoniums, 11;
—in the Chrysanthemum, 11;
—transmission of variegated leaves by
seed, 11;
—bud-variation by suckers in
Phlox, 11;
—application of selection to
bud-varieties of plants, 11;
—accumulative effect of changed
conditions of life, 22;
—on the variegation of strawberry
leaves, 23;
—on pollen within ovules, 27.
SALTER, S. J., hybrids of Gallus sonneratii and the common
fowl, 7;
—crossing of races or species of
rats, 15.
SALVIN, habits of the jackal, 1;
—mutilation inherited in mot-mot, 12.
SAMESREUTHER, on inheritance in cattle,
12.
SANDFORD. See DAWKINS.
SANSON, M., origin of the horse, 2;
—lumbar vertebra of pigs, 3.
SAP, ascent of the, 24.
Saponaria calabrica, 12.
SAPORTA, on Pistacia, 11.
SARDINIA, ponies of, 2.
SARS, on the development of the hydroida,
27.
SATIATION of the stigma, 11 (2).
Saturnia pyri, sterility of, in confinement, 18.
SAUL, on the management of prize gooseberries, 10.
SAUVIGNY, varieties of the gold-fish,
8.
SAVAGES, their indiscriminate use of plants as food, 9;
—fondness of, for taming animals, 18.
SAVI, effect of foreign pollen on maize,
11.
Saxifraga geum, 18.
SAYZID MOHAMMED MUSARI, on carrier-pigeons,
5;
—on a pigeon which utters the sound
"Yahu," 5.
SCANDEROONS (pigeons), 5 (2).
SCANIA, remains of Bos frontosus found in, 3.
SCAPULA, characters of, in rabbits,
4;
—in fowls,
7;
—in pigeons,
5;
—alteration of, by disuse, in
pigeons, 5.
SCARLET fever, 23.
SCHAAFFHAUSEN on the horses represented in Greek statues, 20.
SCHLEIDEN, excess of nourishment a cause of variability, 22.
SCHMERLING, Dr., varieties of the dog found in a cave, 1.
SCHOMBURGK, Sir R., on the dogs of Indians of Guiana, 1 (2), 20;
—on the musk duck, 6;
—bud-variation in the banana, 11;
—reversion of varieties of the China
rose in St. Domingo, 11;
—sterility of tame parrots in Guiana,
18;
—on Dendrocygna viduata, 18;
—selection of fowls in Guiana, 20.
SCHREIBERS, on Proteus, 24.
SCHÜTZE on the Torfschwein, 3.
Sciuropterus volucella, 18.
Sciurus palmarum and cinerea,
18.
SCLATER, P. L., on Asinus tæniopus, 2, 13;
—on Asinus indicus, 13;
—striped character of young wild
pigs, 3;
—osteology of Gallinula
nesiotis, 8;
—on the black-shouldered peacock, 8;
—animals breeding in Zoological
Gardens, 18;
—birds breeding in Zoological
Gardens, 18;
—on the breeding of birds in
captivity, 18 (2).
SCOTCH fir, local variation of, 10.
SCOTCH kail and cabbage, cross between,
15.
SCOTT, JOHN, irregularities in the sex of the flowers of maize, 9;
—bud-variation in Imatophylium
miniatum, 11;
—crossing of species of
Verbascum, 16 (2);
—self-sterility of Verbascum,
17;
—experiments on crossing
Primulæ, 16;
—reproduction of orchids, 17;
—fertility of Oncidium
divaricatum, 18;
—acclimatisation of the sweet pea in
India, 24;
—number of seeds in Acropera
and Gongora, 27.
SCROPE, on the Scotch deerhound, 14, 17.
SCUDDER, Dr., on regrowth, 27.
SEBRIGHT, Sir John, effects of close interbreeding in dogs, 20;
—care taken by, in selection of
fowls, 20.
Secale cereale, 22.
SEDGWICK, W., effects of crossing on the female, 11;
—on the "Porcupine man," 12;
—on hereditary diseases, 12;
—hereditary affections of the eye, 12, 14;
—inheritance of polydactylism and
anomalies of the extremities, 12 (2);
—morbid uniformity in the same
family, 12;
—on deaf-mutes, 12;
—inheritance of injury to the eye, 12;
—atavism in diseases and anomalies of
structure, 13;
—non-reversion to night-blindness, 13;
—sexual limitation of the
transmission of peculiarities in man, 14
(2);
—on the effects of hard-drinking, 23;
—inherited baldness with deficiency
of teeth, 25 (2);
—occurrence of a molar tooth in place
of an incisor, 27;
—diseases occurring in alternate
generations, 27.
SEDILLOT, on the removal of portions of bone, 24.
SEEDS, early selection of, 20;
—rudimentary, in grapes, 24;
—relative position of, in the
capsule, 26.
SEEDS and buds, close analogies of,
11.
SEEMANN, B., crossing of the wolf and Esquimaux dogs, 1.
SEGREGATION of characters, 11 (2).
SELBY, P. J., on the bud-destroying habits of the bullfinch, 21.
SELECTION, 20;
—methodical,
6, 20,
21;
—by the ancients and semi-civilised
people, 20;
—of trifling characters, 20;
—unconscious,
6 (2);
—effects of, shown by differences in
most valued parts, 20;
—produced by accumulation of
variability, 20;
—natural, as affecting domestic
productions, 19,
21;
—as the origin of species, genera,
and other groups, 28;
—circumstances favourable to, 21;
—tendency of, towards extremes, 21;
—possible limit of, 21;
—influence of time on, 21 (2);
—summary of subject, 21 (2);
—effects of, in modifying breeds of
cattle, 3;
—in preserving the purity of breeds
of sheep, 3 (2);
—in producing varieties of pigeons,
6;
—in breeding fowls, 7 (2);
—in the goose,
8;
—in the canary,
8;
—in the gold-fish, 8;
—in the silkworm, 8 (2);
—contrasted in cabbages and cereals,
9;
—in white mulberry, 10;
—on gooseberries, 10;
—applied to wheat, 9 (2);
—exemplified in carrots, etc., 9;
—in potato,
9;
—in the melon,
10;
—in flowering plants, 10;
—in the hyacinth, 10;
—applied to bud-varieties of plants,
11;
—illustrations of, 28.
SELECTION, sexual, 14.
SELF-IMPOTENCE in plants, 17;
—in individual plants, 17;
—of hybrids,
19.
SELWYN, Mr., on the Dingo, 1.
SELYS-LONGCHAMPS, on hybrid ducks, 6, 13, 18;
—hybrid of the hook-billed duck and
Egyptian goose, 8.
SERINGE, on the St. Valéry apple,
10.
SERPENT melon, 10, 25.
SERRES, OLIVIER DE, wild poultry in Guiana,
7.
SESAMUM, white-seeded, antiquity of the,
28.
Setaria, found in the Swiss lake-dwellings, 9.
SETTEGAST, sheep poisoned by buckwheat,
25.
SETTERS, degeneration of, in India,
1;
—Youatt's remarks on, 1.
SEX, secondary characters of, latent, 13
(2);
—of parents, influence of, on
hybrids, 22.
SEXUAL characters, sometimes lost in domestication, 14.
SEXUAL limitation of characters, 14.
SEXUAL peculiarities, induced by domestication in sheep, 3;
—in fowls,
7;
—transfer of,
7.
SEXUAL variability in pigeons, 5 (2).
SEXUAL selection, 14.
SHADDOCK, 10.
SHAILER, Mr., on the moss-rose, 11.
SHAN ponies, striped, 2.
SHANGHAI fowls, 7.
SHANGHAI sheep, their fecundity, 3.
SHEEP, disputed origin of, 3;
—early domestication of, 3;
—large-tailed,
3 (2), 23;
—variations in horns, mammæ, and
other characters of, 3;
—sexual characters of, induced by
domestication, 3;
—adaptation of, to climate and
pasture, 3 (2);
—periods of gestation of, 3;
—effect of heat on the fleece of, 3;
—effect of selection on, 3;
—"ancon" or "otter" breeds of, 3;
—"Mauchamp-merino," 3 (2);
—cross of German and merino, 15;
—black, of the Tarentino, 21;
—Karakool,
23;
—Jaffna, with callosities on the
knees, 24;
—Chinese,
24;
—Danish, of the Bronze period, 28;
—polydactylism in, 12;
—occasional production of horns in
hornless breeds of, 13;
—reversion of colour in, 13;
—influence of male, on offspring, 14;
—sexual differences in, 14;
—influence of crossing or segregation
on, 15 (2), 16
(2);
—interbreeding of, 17 (2);
—effect of nourishment on the
fertility of, 16;
—value of, crossbred, 17;
—diminished fertility of, under
certain conditions, 18;
—unconscious selection of, 20;
—natural selection in breeds of, 21 (2);
—reduction of bones in, 21;
—individual differences of, 22;
—local changes in the fleece of, in
England, 23;
—partial degeneration of, in
Australia, 23;
—correlation of horns and fleece in,
25;
—feeding on flesh, 24;
—acclimatisation of, 24;
—mountain, resistance of, to severe
weather, 24;
—white, poisoned by Hypericum
crispum, 25.
SHEEP dogs, resembling wolves, 1;
—mutilated tail inherited, 12.
SHELLS, sinistral and dextral, 13.
SHIRLEY, E. P., on the fallow-deer, 16,
17.
SHIRREFF Mr., new varieties of wheat, 9
(2);
—on crossing wheat, 16;
—variability of wheat, 11;
—continuous variation of wheat, 21.
SHORT, D., hybrids of the domestic cat and Felis ornata, 1.
SIAM, cats of, 1;
—horses of,
2.
SIBERIA, northern range of wild horses in,
2.
SICHEL, J., on the deafness of white cats with blue eyes, 25.
SIDNEY, S., on the pedigrees of pigs,
12;
—on cross-reversion in pigs, 13;
—period of gestation in the pig, 3;
—production of breeds of pigs by
intercrossing, 3,
15;
—fertility of the pig, 16;
—effects of interbreeding on pigs, 17;
—on the colours of pigs, 20, 21.
SIEBOLD, on the sweet potato, 21.
SIEBOLD, CARL VON, on parthenogenesis,
27.
Silene, contabescence in, 18.
SILK FOWLS, 7,
14 (2).
SILK-MOTH, Arrindy, 24 (23);
—Tarroo,
18.
SILK-MOTHS, 8;
—domesticated, species of, 8;
—history of,
8;
—causes of modification in, 8;
—differences presented by, 8;
—crossing of,
15;
—disease in,
21;
—effects of disuse of parts in, 24;
—selection practised with, 20 (2);
—variation of,
21;
—parthenogenesis in, 27.
SILKWORMS, variations of, 8;
—yielding white cocoons, less liable
to disease, 25.
SILVER-GREY rabbit, 4 (3).
SIMON, on the raising of eggs of the silk-moth in China, 20.
SIMONDS, J. B., period of maturity in various breeds of cattle, 3;
—differences in the periods of
dentition in sheep, 3;
—on the teeth in cattle, sheep, etc.,
25;
—on the breeding of superior rams, 20.
SIMPSON, Sir J., regenerative power of the human embryo, 27.
Siredon, breeding in the branchiferous stage, 27.
SISKIN, breeding in captivity, 18.
Sivatherium, resemblance of the, to Niata cattle, 3.
SIZE, difference of, an obstacle to crossing, 16.
SKIN, and its appendages, homologous,
25;
—hereditary affections of the, 14.
SKIRVING, R. S., on pigeons settling on trees in Egypt, 6.
SKULL, characters of the, in breeds of dogs,
1;
—in breeds of pigs, 3;
—in rabbits,
4 (2);
—in breeds of pigeons, 5 (2);
—in breeds of fowls, 7;
—in ducks, 8
(2).
SKULL and horns, correlation of the,
25.
SKYLARK, 18.
SLEEMAN, on the cheetah, 18.
SLOE, 10.
SMALL-POX, 27.
SMITER (pigeon), 5.
SMITH, Sir A., on Caffrarian cattle,
3;
—on the use of numerous plants as
food in South Africa, 9.
SMITH, Colonel HAMILTON, on the odour of the jackal, 1;
—on the origin of the dog, 1;
—wild dogs in St. Domingo, 1;
—on the Thibet mastiff and the alco,
1;
—development of the fifth toe in the
hind feet of mastiffs, 1;
—differences in the skull of dogs, 1;
—history of the pointer, 1;
—on the ears of the dog, 24;
—on the breeds of horses, 2;
—origin of the horse, 2;
—dappling of horses, 2;
—striped horses in Spain, 2;
—original colour of the horse, 2;
—on horses scraping away snow, 2;
—on Asinus hemionus, 13;
—feral pigs of Jamaica, 3 (2).
SMITH, Sir J. E., production of nectarines and peaches by the same
tree, 10;
—on Viola amoena, 10;
—sterility of Vinca minor in
England, 18.
SMITH, J., development of the ovary in Bonatea speciosa by
irritation of the stigma, 11.
SMITH, N. H., influence of the bull "Favourite" on the breed of
Shorthorn cattle, 14.
SMITH, W., on the intercrossing of strawberries, 10.
SNAKE-RAT, 15 (2).
SNAKES, form of the viscera in, 26.
SNAPDRAGON, bud-variation in, 11;
—non-inheritance of colour in, 12;
—peloric, crossed with the normal
form, 14,
15;
—asymmetrical variation of the, 25.
SOIL, adaptation of plums to, 10;
—influence of, on the zones of
pelargoniums, 10;
—on roses,
10;
—on the variegation of leaves, 11;
—advantages of change of, 18.
SOIL and climate, effects of, on strawberries, 10.
Solanum, non-intercrossing of species of, 15.
Solanum tuberosum, 9 (2), 11.
SOLID-HOOFED pigs,3.
SOLOMON, his stud of horses, 2.
SOMERVILLE, Lord, on the fleece of Merino sheep, 3;
—on crossing sheep, 17;
—on selection of sheep, 20;
—diminished fertility of Merino sheep
brought from Spain, 18.
SOOTY fowls, 7 (2).
Sorghum, 10.
SOTO, FERDINAND DE, on the cultivation of native plants in
Florida, 9.
SPAIN, hawthorn monogynous in, 10.
SPALLANZANI, on feral rabbits in Lipari,
4;
—experiments on salamanders, 24, 27 (2);
—experiments in feeding a pigeon with
meat, 24.
SPANIELS, in India, 1;
—King Charles's, 1;
—degeneration of, caused by
interbreeding, 17.
SPANISH fowls, 7 (3);
—figured,
7;
—early development of sexual
characters in, 7;
—furculum of, figured, 7.
SPECIES, difficulty of distinguishing from varieties, Intro;
—conversion of varieties into, Intro;
—origin of, by natural selection, 28;
—by mutual sterility of varieties, 19.
SPENCER, Lord, on selection in breeding,
20.
SPENCER, HERBERT, on the "survival of the fittest," Intro;
—increase of fertility by
domestication, 16;
—on life,
18, 19;
—changes produced by external
conditions, 23;
—effects of use on organs, 24;
—ascent of the sap in trees, 24;
—correlation exemplified in the Irish
elk, 25 (2);
—on "physiological units," 27;
—antagonism of growth and
reproduction, 27.
SPERMATOPHORES of the cephalopoda,
27.
SPERMATOZOIDS, 27 (2).
SPHINGIDÆ, sterility of, in captivity,
18.
SPINOLA, on the injurious effect produced by flowering buckwheat
on white pigs, 25.
SPITZ dog, 1.
SPOONER, W. C., cross-breeding of sheep,
3, 15 (2),
17;
—on the effects of crossing, 15 (2);
—on crossing cattle, 17;
—individual sterility, 18.
SPORES, reproduction of abnormal forms by,
11.
SPORTS, 11;
—in pigeons,
6.
SPOT pigeon, 5,
6.
SPRENGEL, C. K., on dichogamous plants,
15;
—on the hollyhock, 16;
—on the functions of flowers, 19.
SPROULE, Mr., transmission of hare-lip,
12.
SPURS, of fowls, 7;
—development of, in hens, 24.
SQUASHES, 10.
SQUINTING, hereditary, 12.
SQUIRRELS, generally sterile in captivity,
18.
SQUIRRELS, flying, breeding in confinement,
18.
"STAARHALSIGE Taube," 5.
STAG, one-horned, supposed heredity of character in, 12;
—degeneracy of, in the Highlands, 20.
STAMENS, occurrence of rudimentary,
24;
—conversion of, into pistils, 10;
—into petals,
27.
Staphylea, 18.
STEENSTRUP, Prof., on the dog of the Danish Middens, 1;
—on the obliquity of flounders, 13.
STEINAN, J., on hereditary diseases, 12,
14.
STEPHENS, J. F., on the habits of the Bombycidæ, 8.
STERILITY, in dogs, consequent on close confinement, 1;
—comparative, of crosses, 16 (2);
—from changed conditions of life, 18;
—occurring in the descendants of wild
animals bred in captivity, 18;
—individual,
18;
—resulting from propagation by buds,
cuttings, bulbs, etc., 18;
—in hybrids,
19, 27, 28
(2);
—in specific hybrids of pigeons, 6;
—as connected with natural selection,
19.
STERNUM, characters of the, in rabbits,
4;
—in pigeons,
5 (2);
—in fowls, 7
(2);
—effects of disuse on the, 5 (2).
STEWART, H., on hereditary disease,
14.
STIGMA, variation of the, in cultivated Cucurbitaceæ, 10;
—satiation of the, 11 (2).
STOCKHOLM, fruit-trees of, 24.
STOCKS, bud-variation in, 11;
—effect of crossing upon the colour
of the seed of, 11;
—true by seed,
12;
—crosses of,
15;
—varieties of, produced by selection,
20;
—reversion by the upper seeds in the
pods of, 26.
STOCKTON, HOUGH, direct action of pollen,
11.
STOKES, Prof., calculation of the chance of transmission of
abnormal peculiarities in man, 12.
STOLONS, variations in the production of, by strawberries, 10.
STOMACH, structure of the, affected by food, 24.
STONE in the bladder, hereditary, 12, 14.
STONEHENGE, on maturity of the dog,
1;
—inherited effects of injury, 12;
—cross between bulldog and greyhound,
15;
—close interbreeding of greyhound, 17;
—fleetness of racehorses, 21.
STORER, J., pedigree of cattle, 17.
STRAWBERRIES, 10;
—remarkable varieties of, 10 (2);
—hautbois diœcious, 10;
—selection in,
20;
—probable further modification of, 6;
—variegated, effects of soil on, 23.
STRICKLAND, A., on the domestication of Anser ferus, 8;
—on the colour of the bill and legs
in geese, 8.
Strictœnas, 6.
STRIPES on young of wild swine, 3;
—of domestic pigs of Turkey,
Westphalia, and the Zambesi, 3;
—of feral swine of Jamaica and New
Granada, 3;
—of fruit and flowers, 11, 13;
—in horses,
2;
—in the ass,
2 (2);
—production of, by crossing species
of Equidæ, 13 (2).
Strix grallaria, 24.
Strix passerina, 18.
"STRUPP-TAUBE," 5.
STRUTHERS, D., osteology of the feet in solid-hoofed pigs, 3;
—on polydactylism, 12 (2).
STURM, prepotency of transmission of characters in sheep and
cattle, 14;
—absorption of the minority in
crossed races, 15;
—correlation of twisted horns and
curled wool in sheep, 25.
SUB-SPECIES, wild, of Columba livia and other pigeons, 6.
SUCCESSION, geological, of organisms,
Intro.
SUCKERS, bud-variation by, 11.
SUGAR-CANE, sterility of, in various countries, 18;
—sporting of,
11;
—white, liability of, to disease, 21, 25.
SUICIDE, hereditary tendency to, 12, 14.
SULIVAN, Admiral, on the horses of the Falkland Islands, 2;
—wild pigs of the Falkland Islands,
3;
—feral cattle of the Falkland
Islands, 3 (2);
—feral rabbits of the Falkland
Islands, 4.
SULTAN fowl, 7 (2).
Sus indicus, 3 (2), 16.
Sus pliciceps (figured), 3.
Sus scrofa, 3 (2), 16.
Sus scrofa palustris, 3.
Sus sennariensis, 3.
Sus vittatus, 3.
SWALLOWS, a breed of pigeons, 2.
SWEET peas, 15;
—crosses of,
15;
—varieties of, coming true by seed,
12;
—acclimatisation of, in India, 8.
SWEET William, bud-variation in, 11.
SWINHOE, R., on Chinese pigeons, 5, 6;
—on striped Chinese horses, 2;
—on the japanned peacock, 8.
SWITZERLAND, ancient dogs of, 1;
—pigs of, in the Neolithic period, 3;
—goats of,
3.
SYCAMORE, pale-leaved variety of the,
25.
SYKES, Colonel, on a pariah dog with crooked legs, 1;
—on small Indian asses, 2;
—on Gallus sonneratii, 7;
—on the voice of the Indian Kulm
cock, 7;
—fertility of the fowl in most
climates, 18.
SYMMETRY, hereditary departures from,
12.
Symphytum, variegated, 11.
SYPHILIS, hereditary, 25.
SYRIA, asses of, 2.
Syringa persica, chinensis, and vulgaris, 18.
TACITUS, on the care taken by the Celts in
breeding animals, 20.
Tagetes signata, dwarf variety of,
12.
TAHITI, varieties of cultivated plants in,
22.
TAIL, never curled in wild animals,
24;
—rudimentary in Chinese sheep, 24.
TAIL-FEATHERS, numbers of, in breeds of pigeons, 5 (2);
—peculiarities of, in cocks, 7;
—variability of, in fowls, 7;
—curled, in Anas boschas, and
tame drakes, 8.
TAIT, LAWSON, presence of hairs and teeth in ovarian tumours, 27.
TALENT, hereditary, 12.
TANKERVILLE, Earl of, on Chillingham cattle,
3, 17.
TANNER, Prof., effects of disuse of parts in cattle, 24.
TAPIR, sterility of the, in captivity,
18.
TARGIONI-TOZZETTI, on cultivated plants,
9;
—on the vine,
10;
—varieties of the peach, 10;
—origin and varieties of the plum, 10;
—origin of the cherry, 10;
—origin of roses, 10.
TARSUS, variability of the, in fowls,
7;
—reproduction of the, in a thrush, 27.
TARTARS, their preference for spiral-horned sheep, 20.
TAVERNIER, abundance of pigeons in Persia,
6.
Taxus baccata, 12.
TAYLOR, Mr., potato-grafting, 11.
TEEBAY, Mr., reversion in fowls, 13.
TEETH, number and position of, in dogs,
1;
—deficiency of, in naked Turkish
dogs, 1;
—period of appearance of, in breeds
of dogs, 1;
—precocity of, in highly-bred
animals, 25;
—correlation of, with hair, 25;
—double row of, with redundant hair,
in Julia Pastrana, 25;
—affected in form by hereditary
syphilis and by pulmonary tubercle,
25;
—developed on the palate, 27.
TEGETMEIER, Mr., on a cat with monstrous teeth, 1;
—on a swift-like pigeon, 5;
—on sexual colours, 5;
—naked young of some pigeons, 5;
—fertility of hybrid pigeons, 6;
—on white pigeons, 21;
—reversion in crossed breeds of
fowls, 7;
—chicks of the white silk fowl, 7;
—development of the cranial
protuberance in Polish fowls, 7;
—on the skull in the Polish fowl, 7 (2);
—on the intelligence of Polish fowls,
7;
—correlation of the cranial
protuberance and crest in Polish fowls,
7;
—development of the web in the feet
of Polish fowls, 7;
—early development of several
peculiarities in Spanish cocks, 7;
—on the comb in Spanish fowls, 7;
—on the Spanish fowl, 24;
—varieties of game-fowls, 7;
—pedigrees of game-fowls, 12;
—assumption of female plumage by a
game-cock, 7;
—natural selection in the game-cock,
21;
—pugnacity of game-hens, 7;
—length of the middle toe in Cochin
fowls, 7;
—origin of the Sebright bantam, 13;
—differences in the size of fowls, 7;
—effect of crossing in fowls, 7;
—effects of interbreeding in fowls,
17 (2);
—incubation by mongrels of
non-sitting races of fowls, 13;
—inverse correlation of crest and
comb in fowls, 7;
—occurrence of pencilled feathers in
fowls, 13;
—on a variety of the goose from
Sebastopol, 8;
—on the fertility of the peahen, 16;
—on the intercrossing of bees, 17.
TEMMINCK, origin of domestic cats, 1;
—origin of domestic pigeons, 6;
—on Columba guinea, 6;
—on Columba leucocephala, 6;
—asserted reluctance of some breeds
of pigeons to cross, 6;
—sterility of hybrid turtle-doves, 6;
—variations of Gallus bankiva,
7;
—on a buff-coloured breed of turkeys,
8;
—number of eggs laid by the peahen,
16;
—breeding of guans in captivity, 18;
—behaviour of grouse in captivity, 18;
—sterility of the partridge in
captivity, 18.
TENDRILS in Cucurbitaceæ, 10, 24.
TENNENT, Sir J. E., on the goose, 8;
—on the growth of the apple in
Ceylon, 23;
—on the Jaffna sheep, 24.
Teredo, fertilisation in, 27.
TERRIERS, wry-legged, 21;
—white, subject to distemper, 25.
TESCHEMACHER, on a husked form of maize,
9.
TESSIER, on the period of gestation of the dog, 1;
—of the pig,
3;
—in cattle,
3;
—experiments on change of soil, 18.
Tetrao, breeding of species of, in captivity, 18.
Tetrapteryx paradisea, 18.
Teucrium campanulatum, pelorism in,
26.
TEXAS, feral cattle in, 3.
THEOGNIS, his notice of the domestic fowl,
7.
THEOPHRASTUS, his notice of the peach,
24.
Thesium, 23.
THOMPSON, Mr., on the peach and nectarine,
10;
—on the varieties of the apricot, 10;
—classification of varieties of
cherries, 10;
—on the "Sister ribston-pippin," 10;
—on the varieties of the gooseberry,
10 (2).
THOMPSON, WILLIAM, on the pigeons of Islay,
6;
—feral pigeons in Scotland, 6;
—colour of the bill and legs in
geese, 8;
—breeding of Tetrao scotius in
captivity, 18;
—destruction of black fowls by the
osprey, 21.
THORN, grafting of early and late,
10;
—Glastonbury,
10.
THORNS, reconversion of, into branches, in pear trees, 24.
THRUSH, asserted reproduction of the tarsus in a, 27.
Thuja pendula or filiformis, a variety of T.
orientalis, 10.
THURET, on the division of the zoospores of an alga, 27.
THWAITES, G. H., on the cats of Ceylon,
1;
—on a twin seed of Fuchsia
coccinea and fulgens, 11.
TIBURTIUS, experiments in rearing wild ducks, 8.
TIGER, rarely fertile in captivity,
18.
Tigridia conchiflora, bud-variation in, 11.
TIME, importance of, in the production of races, 21.
TINZMANN, self-impotence in the potato,
17.
TISSUES, affinity of, for special organic substances, 27.
TITMICE, destructive to thin-shelled walnuts, 10;
—attacking nuts, 10;
—attacking peas, 21.
TOBACCO, crossing of varieties of,
16;
—cultivation of, in Sweden, 24.
TOBOLSK, red-coloured cats of, 1.
TOES, relative length of, in fowls,
7;
—development of fifth, in dogs, 24.
TOLLET, Mr., his selection of cattle,
20.
TOMATO, 15.
TOMES, inheritance of dental malformations,
12.
TOMTITS. See TITMICE.
TONGUE, relation of, to the beak in pigeons,
3.
TOOTH, occurrence of a molar, in place of an incisor, 27.
"TORFSCHWEIN," 3.
TRAIL, R., on the union of half-tubers of different kinds of
potatoes, 11.
TREES, varieties of, suddenly produced,
10;
—weeping or pendulous, 10;
—fastigiate or pyramidal, 10;
—with variegated or changed foliage,
10;
—early or late in leaf, 10;
—forest, non-application of selection
to, 21.
"TREMBLEUR" (pigeons), 5.
TREMBLEY, on reproduction in Hydra,
27.
"TREVOLTINI" silkworms, 8 (2).
Trichosanthes anguina, 10.
TRICKS, inheritance of, 12 (2).
Trifolium minus and repens,
18.
TRIMORPHIC plants, conditions of reproduction in, 19.
TRISTRAM, H. B., selection of the dromedary, 20.
Triticum dicoccum, 9.
Triticum monococcum, 9.
Triticum spelta, 9.
Triticum turgidum, 9.
Triticum vulgare, wild in Asia,
9.
TRITON, breeding in the branchiferous stage, 27.
"TROMMEL-TAUBE," 5.
"TRONFO" pigeon, 5.
Tropæolum, 13.
Tropæolum minus and majus, reversion in hybrids
of, 22.
TROUBETZKOY, Prince, experiments with pear-trees at Moscow, 24.
TROUSSEAU, Prof., pathological resemblance of twins, 22.
TRUMPETER pigeon, 5;
—known in 1735,
6.
TSCHARNER, H. A. DE, graft-hybrid produced by inosculation in the
vine, 11.
TSCHUDI, on the naked Peruvian dog,
1;
—extinct varieties of maize from
Peruvian tombs, 9,
11.
TUBERS, bud-variation by, 11.
TUCKERMAN, Mr., sterility of Carex rigida, 18.
TUFTED ducks, 8.
TULIPS, variability of, 10;
—bud-variation in, 11 (2);
—influence of soil in "breaking," 11.
TUMBLER pigeon, 5;
—short-faced, figured, 5;
—skull figured,
5;
—lower jaw figured, 5;
—scapula and furculum figured, 5;
—early known in India, 6;
—history of,
6;
—sub-breeds of,
6;
—young, unable to break the
egg-shell, 21;
—probable further modification of, 21.
"TÜMMLER" (pigeons), 5.
TUMOURS, ovarian, occurrence of hairs and teeth in, 27;
—polypoid, origin of, 27.
TURBIT (pigeon), 5,
6.
TURKEY, domestic, origin of, 8;
—crossing of, with North American
wild turkey, 8 (2);
—breeds of,
8;
—crested white cock, 8;
—wild, characters of, 8 (2);
—degeneration of, in India, 8, 23;
—failure of eggs of, in Delhi, 18;
—feral, on the Parana, 6;
—change produced in, by
domestication, 22.
TURKEY, striped young pigs in, 3.
"TURKISCHE TAUBE," 5.
TURNER (pigeon), 5.
TURNER, C., on the hollyhock, 3.
TURNER, W., on cells, 27.
TURNIPS, origin of, 9;
—reversion in,
13;
—run wild,
13;
—crosses of,
15 (2);
—Swedish, preferred by hares, 21;
—acclimatisation of, in India, 24.
TURNSPIT, on an Egyptian monument, 1;
—crosses of the, 15.
TURTLE-DOVE, white and coloured, crossing of, 15.
Turtur auritus, hybrids of, with T. cambayensis and
T. suratensis, 6.
Turtur risorius, crossing of, with the common pigeon, 6;
—hybrids of with T. vulgaris,
6.
Turtur suratensis, sterile hybrids of, with T.
vulgaris, 6;
—hybrids of, with T. auritus,
6.
Turtur vulgaris, crossing of, with the common pigeon, 6;
—hybrid of, with T. risorius,
6;
—sterile hybrids of, with T.
suratensis and Ectopistes migratorius, 6.
TUSKS of wild and domesticated pigs, 3
(2).
Tussilago farfara, variegated,
11.
TWIN-SEED of Fuchsia coccinea and fulgens, 11.
TYERMAN, B., on the pigs of the Pacific Islands, 3, 15;
—on the dogs of the Pacific Islands,
15.
TYLOR, Mr., on the prohibition of consanguineous marriages, 17.
UDDERS, development of the, 24.
Ulex, double-flowered, 18.
Ulmus campestris and effusa, hybrids of, 17.
UNIFORMITY of character, maintained by crossing, 15.
UNITS of the body, functional independence of the, 27.
UNITY or plurality of origin of organisms, Intro.
UREA, secretion of, 27.
USE and disuse of parts, effects of, 24
(2), 26 (2), 28
(2);
—in rabbits,
4;
—in ducks,
8.
UTILITY, considerations of, leading to uniformity, 21.
VALENTIN, experimental production of double
monsters by, 27.
Vallota, 17.
VAN BECK, BARBARA, a hairy-faced woman,
12.
VAN MONS, on wild fruit-trees, 9, 22;
—production of varieties of the vine,
10;
—correlated variability in
fruit-trees, 25;
—production of almond-like fruit by
peach-seedlings, 10.
Vanessa, species of, not copulating in captivity, 18.
VARIABILITY, Intro, 27 (2), 28;
—causes of,
22;
—correlated,
25, 26 (2),
28 (2);
—law of, equable, 26 (2);
—necessity of, for selection, 19;
—of selected characters, 21;
—of multiple homologous parts, 26.
VARIATION, laws of, 24;
—continuity of, 21;
—possible limitation of, 21, 28 (2);
—in domestic cats, 1;
—origin of breeds of cattle by, 3;
—in osteological characters of
rabbits, 4;
—of important organs, 10;
—analogous or parallel, 9;
—in horses,
2;
—in the horse and ass, 2;
—in fowls,
7;
—in geese,
8;
—exemplified in the production of
fleshy stems in cabbages, etc., 9;
—in the peach, nectarine, and
apricot, 10 (2);
—individual, in wheat, 9.
VARIEGATION of foliage, 11, 18.
VARIETIES and species, resemblance of, Intro, 28;
—conversion of, into species, Intro;
—abnormal,
28;
—domestic, gradually produced, 28.
VARRO, on domestic ducks, 8;
—on feral fowls, 13;
—crossing of the wild and domestic
ass, 20.
VASEY, Mr., on the number of sacral vertebræ in ordinary and
humped cattle, 3;
—on Hungarian cattle, 3.
VAUCHER, sterility of Ranunculus ficaria and Acorus
calamus, 18.
VEGETABLES, cultivated, reversion in,
13;
—European, culture of, in India, 18 (2).
VEITH, Mr., on breeds of horses, 2.
Verbascum, intercrossing of species of, 10, 15, 16;
—reversion in hybrids of, 11;
—self-sterility of, 17;
—contabescent, wild plants of, 18;
—villosity in,
23.
Verbascum austriacum, 17.
Verbascum blattaria, 16 (2).
Verbascum lychnitis, 16 (2), 17.
Verbascum nigrum, 17.
Verbascum phœniceum, 16, 17;
—variable duration of, 24.
Verbascum thapsus, 16, 17.
VERBENAS, origin of, 10;
—white, liability of, to mildew, 21 (2);
—scorching of dark, 21 (2);
—effect of changed conditions of life
on, 23.
VERLOT, on the dark-leaved barberry,
10;
—inheritance of peculiarities of
foliage in trees, 10;
—production of Rosa
cannabifolia by bud-variation from R. alba, 11;
—bud-variation in Aralia
trifoliata, 11;
—variegation of leaves, 11;
—colours of tulips, 11;
—uncertainty of inheritance, 12;
—persistency of white flowers, 12;
—peloric flowers of Linaria,
13;
—tendency of striped flowers to
uniformity of colour, 14;
—non-intercrossing of certain allied
plants, 15;
—sterility of Primulæ
with coloured calyces, 18;
—on fertile proliferous flowers, 18;
—on the Irish yew, 21;
—differences in the Camellia,
22;
—effect of soil on the variegated
strawberry, 23;
—correlated variability in plants, 25.
Verruca, 13, 27.
VERTEBRAE, characters of, in rabbits,
4;
—in ducks, 8
(2);
—number and variations of, in
pigeons, 5 (2);
—number and characters of, in fowls,
7;
—variability of number of, in the
pig, 3.
VERTUCH. See PUTSCHE.
"VERUGAS," 23.
VESPUCIUS, early cultivation in Brazil,
9.
VIBERT'S experiments on the cultivation of the vine from seed, 10.
Viburnum opulus, 19, 24.
Vicia sativa, leaflet converted into a tendril in, 27.
VICUNAS, selection of, 20.
VILLOSITY of plants, influenced by dryness,
23.
VILMORIN, cultivation of the wild carrot,
9, 23;
—colours of tulips, 11;
—uncertainty of inheritance in
balsams and roses, 12;
—experiments with dwarf varieties of
Saponaria calabrica and Tagetes signata, 12;
—reversion of flowers by stripes and
blotches, 13;
—on variability, 22.
Vinca minor, sterility in,
18.
VINE, 10;
—parsley-leaved, reversion of, 11;
—graft-hybrid produced by
inosculation in the, 11;
—disease of, influenced by colour of
grapes, 21 (2);
—influence of climate, etc., on
varieties of the, 23;
—diminished extent of cultivation of
the, 24;
—acclimatisation of the, in the West
Indies, 24.
Viola, species of, 10.
Viola lutea, different coloured flowers in, 11.
Viola tricolor, reversion in, 13
(2).
VIRCHOW, Prof., on the growth of bones,
24, 27;
—on cellular prolification, 16;
—independence of the elements of the
body, 27;
—on the cell-theory, 27;
—presence of hairs and teeth in
ovarian tumours, 27;
—of hairs in the brain, 27;
—special affinities of the tissues,
27;
—origin of polypoid excrescences and
tumours, 27.
VIRGIL, on the selection of seed corn, 9,
20;
—of cattle and sheep, 20.
VIRGINIAN Islands, ponies of, 2.
VISION, hereditary peculiarities of, 12
(2);
—in amphibious animals, 20;
—varieties of,
24;
—affections of organs of, correlated
with other peculiarities, 25.
Vitis vinifera, 10, 11.
Viverra, sterility of species of, in captivity, 18.
VOGEL, varieties of the date palm,
22.
VOGT, on the indications of stripes on black kittens, 13.
VOICE, differences of, in fowls, 7;
—peculiarities of, in ducks, 8;
—inheritance of peculiarities of, 12.
VOLZ, on the history of the dog, 1;
—ancient history of the fowl, 7;
—domestic ducks unknown to Aristotle,
8;
—Indian cattle sent to Macedonia by
Alexander, 20;
—mention of mules in the Bible, 20;
—history of the increase of breeds,
21.
VON BERG, on Verbascum phœniceum, 24.
VOORHELM, G., his knowledge of hyacinths,
10, 22.
VROLIK, Prof., on polydactylism, 12;
—influence of the shape of the
mother's pelvis on her child's head,
26.
WADE, drooping eyelids transmitted, 12.
WADERS, behaviour of, in confinement,
18.
WAGNER, MORITZ, oriental dogs, 21.
WAHLENBORG, on the propagation of Alpine plants by buds, runners,
bulbs, etc., 18.
"WAHLVERWANDTSCHAFT" of Gärtner,
19.
WALES, white cattle of, in the tenth century, 3.
WALKER, A., on intermarriage, 11;
—on the inheritance of polydactylism,
12.
WALKER, D., advantage of change of soil to wheat, 18.
WALKER, R., reversion in cattle, 13.
WALLACE, A. R., on the multiple origin of the dog, 1;
—on a striped Javanese horse, 2;
—on the conditions of life of feral
animals, 13;
—artificial alteration of the plumage
of birds, 23;
—on polymorphic butterflies, 27;
—on reversion,
28;
—on the limits of change, 28.
WALLACE, Dr., on the sterility of Sphingidae hatched in autumn, 18.
WALLACHIAN sheep, sexual peculiarities in the horns of, 3.
WALLFLOWER, bud-variation in, 11.
WALLICH, Dr., on Thuja pendula or filiformis, 10.
WALNUTS, 10 (2);
—thin-shelled, attacked by tomtits,
10;
—grafting of,
22.
WALSH, B. D., on attacks of insects,
10;
—on galls,
23 (2);
—his "Law of equable variability," 26 (2).
WALTHER, F. L., on the history of the dog,
1;
—on the intercrossing of the zebu and
ordinary cattle, 3.
WARING, Mr., on individual sterility,
18.
WATERER, Mr., spontaneous production of Cytisus
alpino-laburnum, 11.
WATERHOUSE, G. R., on the winter-colouring of Lepus
variabilis, 4.
WATERTON, C., production of tailless foals,
2;
—on taming wild ducks, 8;
—on the wildness of half-bred wild
ducks, 13;
—assumption of male characters by a
hen, 13.
WATSON, H. C., on British wild fruit-trees,
9;
—on the non-variation of weeds, 9;
—origin of the plum, 10;
—variation in Pyrus malus, 10;
—on Viola amœna and
tricolor, 10;
—on reversion in Scotch kail, 13;
—fertility of Draba sylvestris
when cultivated, 18;
—on generally distributed British
plants, 23.
WATTLES, rudimentary, in some fowls,
24.
WATTS, Miss, on Sultan fowls, 7.
WEBB, JONAS, interbreeding of sheep,
17.
WEBER, effect of the shape of the mother's pelvis on her child's
head, 26.
WEDDERBURN, Mr., correlation of teeth and hair, 25.
WEEDS, supposed necessity for their modification, coincidently
with cultivated plants, 9.
WEEPING varieties of trees, 10.
WEEPING habit of trees, capricious inheritance of, 12 (2).
WEEVIL, injury done to stone-fruit by, in North America, 21.
WEIJENBERGH, on parthenogenesis, 27.
WEIR, H., large litter of pigs, 16.
WEIR, JENNER, on the japanned peacock,
8;
—mare and quagga, 11;
—wildness of mule siskins, 13.
WEISMANN, Prof., reversion from unnatural conditions, 13;
—isolation,
23;
—dimorphic butterflies, 23;
—causes of variability, 23.
WELSH cattle, descended from Bos longifrons, 3.
WEST Indies, feral pigs of, 3;
—effect of climate of, upon sheep, 3.
WESTERN, Lord, change effected by, in pigs,
3 (2);
—in the sheep,
20.
WESTPHALIA, striped young pigs in, 3.
WESTWOOD, J. O., on peloric flowers of Calceolaria, 26.
WETHERELL, Mr., on inheritance of mutilations, 12.
WHATELY, Archbishop, on grafting early and late thorns, 10.
WHEAT, specific unity or diversity of, 9
(4);
—Hasora,
9;
—presence or absence of barbs in, 9;
—Godron on variations in, 9;
—varieties of,
9 (2);
—effects of soil and climate on, 9;
—deterioration of, 9;
—crossing of varieties of, 9, 15, 16, 17;
—in the Swiss lake-dwellings, 9;
—selection applied to, 9, 20;
—increased fertility of hybrids of,
with Ægilops, 16;
—advantage of change of soil to, 18;
—differences of, in various parts of
India, 18;
—continuous variation in, 20;
—red, hardiness of, 21, 25;
—Fenton,
21;
—natural selection in, 21;
—varieties of, found wild, 22;
—effects of change of climate on, 24;
—ancient variety of, 28.
WHITBY, Mrs., on the markings of silkworms,
8;
—on the silk-moth, 8.
WHITE, Mr., reproduction of supernumerary digits after amputation,
12;
—time occupied in the blending of
crossed races, 15.
WHITE, GILBERT, vegetable diet of dogs,
24.
WHITE and white-spotted animals, liability of, to disease, 25 (2).
WHITE flowers, most truly reproduced by seed, 12.
WICHURA, MAX, on hybrid willows, 13;
—analogy between the pollen of
old-cultivated plants and of hybrids,
22.
WICKING, Mr., inheritance of the primary characters of Columba
livia in cross-bred pigeons, 6;
—production of a white head in almond
tumblers, 20.
WICKSTED, Mr., on cases of individual sterility, 18.
WIEGMANN, spontaneous crossing of blue and white peas, 11;
—crossing of varieties of cabbage, 17;
—on contabescence, 18.
WIGHT, Dr., sexual sterility of plants propagated by buds, etc.,
18.
WILCKENS, Dr., effect of previous impregnation, 11;
—alpine breeds, 24;
—drooping ears, 24;
—correlation of hair and horns, 25.
WILDE, Sir W. R., occurrence of Bos frontosus and longifrons in
Irish crannoges, 3;
—attention paid to breeds of animals
by the ancient Irish, 20.
WILDER, Dr. B., on the brain of dogs,
1;
—supernumerary digits, 12.
WILDMAN, on the dahlia, 20, 23.
WILDNESS of the progeny of crossed tame animals, 13 (2).
WILKES, Capt., on the taming of pigeons among the Polynesians, 18.
WILKINSON, J., on crossed cattle,
16.
WILLIAMS, Mr., change of plumage in a Hamburgh hen, 7.
WILLIAMS, Mr., intercrossing of strawberries, 10.
WILLIAMSON, Capt., degeneration of dogs in India, 1;
—on small Indian asses, 2.
WILLIAMSON, Rev. W., doubling of Anemone coronaria by
selection, 20.
WILLOWS, weeping, 10;
—reversion of spiral-leaved weeping,
11;
—hybrids of,
22;
—galls of,
23 (2).
WILLUGHBY, F., notice of spot pigeons,
5;
—on a fantail pigeon, 6;
—on tumbler pigeons, 6;
—on the turbit,
6;
—on the barb and carrier pigeons, 6;
—on the hook-billed duck, 8.
WILMOT, Mr., on a crested white Turkey-cock,
8;
—reversion of sheep in colour, 13.
WILSON, B. O., fertility of hybrids of humped and ordinary cattle
in Tasmania, 3.
WILSON, Dr., prepotency of the Manx over the common cat, 14.
WILSON, JAMES, origin of dogs, 1.
WILSON, Mr., on prepotency of transmission in sheep, 14;
—on the breeding of bulls, 20.
WINGS, proportionate length of, in different breeds of pigeons, 5 (2);
—of fowls, effects of disuse on, 7;
—characters and variations of, in
ducks, 8;
—diminution of, in birds of small
islands, 8 (2).
WING-FEATHERS, number of, in pigeons,
5;
—variability of, in fowls, 7.
WOLF, recent existence of, in Ireland,
1;
—barking of young, 1;
—hybrids of, with the dog, 1.
WOLF-DOG, black, of Florida, 1.
WOLVES, North American, their resemblance to dogs of the same
region, 1 (2);
—burrowing of,
1.
WOODBURY, Mr., crossing of the Ligurian and common hive bees, 8, 17;
—variability of bees, 8.
WOODWARD, S. P., on Arctic Mollusca,
22.
WOOD, WILLOUGHBY, reversion from a cross,
13;
—on Mr. Bates' cattle, 17.
WOOLER, W. A., on the young of the Himalayan rabbit, 4;
—persistency of the coloured calyx in
a crossed polyanthus, 10.
WOUNDS, healing of, 24.
WRIGHT, J., production of crippled calves by short-horned cattle,
17;
—on selection in cattle, 20;
—effect of close interbreeding on
pigs, 17;
—deterioration of game-cocks by close
interbreeding, 17.
WRIGHT, STRETHILL, on the development of the hydroida, 27.
WYMAN, Dr., on Niata cattle, and on a similar malformation in the
codfish, 3;
—on Virginian pigs, 21;
—browsing under water, 24.
XENOPHON, on the colours of hunting dogs, 20.
XIMENES, Cardinal, regulations for the selection of rams, 20.
"YAHU," the name of the pigeon in Persia, 5.
YAKS, domestication of, 20;
—selection of white-tailed, 20.
YAM, development of axillary bulbs in the,
18.
YARRELL, Mr., deficiency of teeth in hairless dogs, 1, 25;
—on ducks,
8, 22;
—characters of domestic goose,
resembling those of Anser albifrons,
8;
—whiteness of ganders, 8;
—variations in gold-fish, 8 (2);
—assumption of male plumage by the
hen-pheasant, 13;
—effect of castration upon the cock,
13 (2);
—breeding of the skylark in
captivity, 18;
—plumage of the male linnet in
confinement, 18;
—on the dingo,
22.
YELLOW fever, in Mexico, 23.
YEW, fastigiate, 21.
YEW, Irish, hardy in New York, 24.
YEW, weeping, 10;
—propagation of, by seed, 12.
YOLK, variations of, in the eggs of ducks,
8.
YOUATT, Mr., history of the dog, 1;
—variations of the pulse in breeds of
dogs, 1;
—liability to disease in dogs, 1, 21;
—inheritance of goitre in dogs, 12;
—on the greyhound, 1 (2);
—on King Charles' spaniels, 1;
—on the setter,
1;
—on breeds of horses, 2;
—variation in the number of ribs in
the horse, 2;
—inheritance of diseases in the
horse, 12 (2);
—introduction of Eastern blood into
English horses, 20 (2);
—on white Welsh cattle, 3, 20;
—improvement of British breeds of
cattle, 3;
—rudiments of horns in young hornless
cattle, 13,
24;
—on crossed cattle, 16, 17;
—on Bakewell's long-horned cattle, 17;
—selection of qualities in cattle, 20;
—degeneration of cattle by neglect,
21;
—on the skull in hornless cattle, 25;
—disease of white parts of cattle, 25;
—displacement of long-horned by
short-horned cattle, 28;
—on Angola sheep, 3;
—on the fleece of sheep, 3;
—correlation of horns and fleece in
sheep, 3;
—adaptation of breeds of sheep to
climate and pasture, 3;
—horns of Wallachian sheep, 3;
—exotic sheep in the Zoological
Gardens, 3,
24;
—occurrence of horns in hornless
breeds of sheep, 13;
—on the colour of sheep, 13;
—on interbreeding sheep, 17;
—on Merino rams in Germany, 20;
—effect of unconscious selection on
sheep, 20;
—reversion of Leicester sheep on the
Lammermuir Hills, 21;
—on many-horned sheep, 25;
—reduction of bone in sheep, 21;
—persistency of character in breeds
of animals in mountainous countries,
14;
—on interbreeding, 17;
—on the power of selection, 20 (2);
—slowness of production of breeds, 21;
—passages in the Bible relating to
the breeding of animals, 20.
YOUNG, J., on the Belgian rabbit, 4.
YULE, Capt., on a Burmese hairy family,
14, 25.
ZAMBESI, striped young pigs on the, 3.
ZAMBOS, character of the, 13.
ZARCO, J. G., introduction of rabbits into Porto Santo by, 4.
Zea altissima, 9;
—mays,
9.
ZEBU, 3;
—domestication of the, 3;
—fertile crossing of, with European
cattle, 3,
16.
ZEBRA, hybrids of, with the ass and mare,
13.
Zephyranthes candida, 18.
Zinnia, cultivation of, 22.
ZOLLINGER on Malayan penguin ducks,
8.
ZOOSPORE, division of, in Algæ,
23.
"ZOPF-TAUBE," 5.